{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T01:23:28Z","timestamp":1773278608237,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]],"date-time":"2021-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636588800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia","award":["P00024683"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P00024683"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The common null polymorphism (R577X) in the ACTN3 gene is present in over 1.5 billion people worldwide and results in the absence of the protein \u03b1-actinin-3 from the Z-discs of fast-twitch skeletal muscle fibres. We have previously reported that this polymorphism is a modifier of dystrophin-deficient Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. To investigate the mechanism underlying this, we use a double knockout (dk)Actn3KO\/mdx (dKO) mouse model, which lacks both dystrophin and sarcomere \u03b1-actinin-3. We used dKO mice and mdx dystrophic mice at 12\u00a0months (aged) to investigate the correlation between morphological changes to the fast-twitch dKO EDL and the reduction in force deficit produced by an in vitro eccentric contraction protocol. In the aged dKO mouse, we found a marked reduction in fibre branching complexity that correlated with protection from eccentric contraction induced force deficit. Complex branches in the aged dKO EDL fibres (28%) were substantially reduced compared to aged mdx EDL fibres (68%), and this correlates with a graded force loss over three eccentric contractions for dKO muscles (~36% after first contraction, ~66% overall) compared to an abrupt drop in mdx upon the first eccentric contraction (~75% after first contraction, ~89% after three contractions). In dKO, protection from eccentric contraction damage was linked with a doubling of SERCA1 pump density the EDL. We propose that the increased oxidative metabolism of fast-twitch glycolytic fibres characteristic of the null polymorphism (R577X) and increase in SR Ca2+ pump proteins reduces muscle fibre branching and decreases susceptibility to eccentric injury in the dystrophinopathies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddab326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]],"date-time":"2021-11-05T08:21:33Z","timestamp":1636100493000},"page":"1417-1429","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Loss of \u03b1-actinin-3 confers protection from eccentric contraction damage in fast-twitch EDL muscles from aged\n                    <i>mdx<\/i>\n                    dystrophic mice by reducing pathological fibre branching"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5702-233X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonit","family":"Kiriaev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2560, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter J","family":"Houweling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn N","family":"North","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stewart I","family":"Head","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2560, Australia"},{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022050521124422300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-012-0332-1","article-title":"Update on the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"13","author":"Rodino-Klapac","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr. 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