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Here, we describe an extended genome-wide association meta-analysis of a well-characterized cohort of 3255 COVID-19 patients with respiratory failure and 12\u2009488 population controls from Italy, Spain, Norway and Germany\/Austria, including stratified analyses based on age, sex and disease severity, as well as targeted analyses of chromosome Y haplotypes, the human leukocyte antigen region and the SARS-CoV-2 peptidome. By inversion imputation, we traced a reported association at 17q21.31 to a ~0.9-Mb inversion polymorphism that creates two highly differentiated haplotypes and characterized the potential effects of the inversion in detail. Our data, together with the 5th release of summary statistics from the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative including non-Caucasian individuals, also identified a new locus at 19q13.33, including NAPSA, a gene which is expressed primarily in alveolar cells responsible for gas exchange in the lung.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddac158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,18]],"date-time":"2022-07-18T09:46:36Z","timestamp":1658137596000},"page":"3945-3966","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Detailed stratified GWAS analysis for severe COVID-19 in four European populations"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7516-3179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frauke","family":"Degenhardt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University , Kiel , 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