{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:01:05Z","timestamp":1753876865059,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]],"date-time":"2024-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Genetic abnormalities like Y chromosome microdeletions are implicated in male infertility. This study investigated the association of azoospermia factor (AZF) region microdeletions with unsuccessful assisted reproductive techniques (ART), including in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This cross-sectional analysis study examined 80 Iranian oligospermic men (mean age 34\u00a0years) with prior failed ICSI and IVF cycles (IR.IAU.TNB.REC.1401.041). Semen analysis evaluated quantity\/quality parameters based on World Health Organization guidelines. Participants were stratified by sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) levels into: control (SDF\u2009&amp;lt;\u200915%, n\u2009=\u200920), mild elevation (15%\u2009\u2264\u2009SDF\u2009\u2264\u200930%, n\u2009=\u200960), and high (SDF\u2009&amp;gt;\u200930%, n\u2009=\u200920). Multiplex PCR mapped AZF microdeletions in the high SDF group. The AZF-associated genes were selected by RNA Seq analysis, and the candidate genes were checked for expression level by real-time PCR.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>High SDF individuals exhibited poorer semen metrics, including 69% lower sperm concentration (P\u2009=\u20090.04) than those without SDF. Of this subset, 45% (9\/20 men) harboured predominately AZF microdeletions. Men with AZF microdeletions showed higher SDF (32% vs 21%, P\u2009=\u20090.02) and altered AZF-associated genes expression. As USP9Y 3-fold, UTY 1.3-fold, and BPY2 1-fold revealed up-regulation, while IQCF1 8-fold, CDY 6.5-fold, DAZ 6-fold, and DDX3Y 1-fold underwent down-regulation. The PAWP gene was also down-regulated (5.7-fold, P\u2009=\u20090.029) in the IVF\/ICSI failure group.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>AZF microdeletions significantly impact male infertility and ART outcomes. High SDF individuals exhibited poorer semen metrics, with 45% AZF microdeletions. These microdeletions altered AZF-associated genes expression, affecting fertility mediator PAWP independently. Dual AZF and SDF screening enables personalized management in severe male infertility, potentially explaining IVF\/ICSI failures.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddae086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,26]],"date-time":"2024-05-26T06:17:53Z","timestamp":1716704273000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Elucidating the impact of Y chromosome microdeletions and altered gene expression on male fertility in assisted reproduction"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"given":"Nasrin","family":"Pazoki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics , Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, , Shahid Babaee Highway, Tehran, 1651153311 , Iran"},{"name":"Islamic Azad University , Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, , Shahid Babaee Highway, Tehran, 1651153311 , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6461-3874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitra","family":"Salehi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology , Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, , Shahid Babaee Highway, Tehran, 1651153311 , Iran"},{"name":"Islamic Azad University , Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, , Shahid Babaee Highway, Tehran, 1651153311 , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seyed Abdolhamid","family":"Angaji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell and Molecular Biology , School of Biological Sciences, , Hesarak, Tehran, 1913713515 , Iran"},{"name":"Kharazmi University , School of Biological Sciences, , Hesarak, Tehran, 1913713515 , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meghdad","family":"Abdollahpour-Alitappeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran , No. 69,Pasteur Ave, Tehran, 1316943551 , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024052606174385700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L1","DOI":"10.1530\/RAF-20-0059","article-title":"IVF or ICSI for fertility preservation?","volume":"2","author":"Aggarwal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reprod Fertil"},{"key":"2024052606174385700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1080\/10495398.2022.2044346","article-title":"Effect of LHCGR and FSHR gene polymorphisms on fertility traits and milk yield of cross-bred dairy cows in Sri Lanka","volume":"34","author":"Abeygunawardana","year":"2023","journal-title":"Anim 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