{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T16:48:18Z","timestamp":1775753298554,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study examined whether the prostaglandin E1 analogue misoprostol (400 \u03bcg), when placed vaginally at the time of intrauterine insemination (IUI) improves pregnancy rates. A prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized and double-blind study involving 274 women in 494 IUI cycles resulted in a total of 64 pregnancies (13% per cycle). Misoprostol cycles totalled 253, with 43 pregnancies (17% per cycle), whereas placebo cycles totalled 241, with 21 pregnancies (9% per cycle). The cumulative pregnancy rate with misoprostol treatment was significantly greater than with placebo (P = 0.004, Cox proportional hazards regression). The benefit of misoprostol was seen in clomiphene cycles (14 versus 4%, P = 0.006), and was indicated in FSH cycles (33 versus 15%, borderline significance) and natural cycles (15.6 versus 7.7%, not significant), but was not seen in clomiphene\/FSH cycles (18.2 versus 23.5%, not significant). Misoprostol treatment did not increase pain score on the day of IUI (1.1 versus 1.4) and at 1 day post IUI (0.6 versus 0.8). Complications were rare in both groups [six (2%) subject cycles in the misoprostol cycles compared with two (1%) in the placebo group]. It is concluded that the use of vaginal misoprostol may improve the chance for pregnancy in women having IUI in a wide variety of cycle types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.1.96","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,26]],"date-time":"2002-07-26T18:50:44Z","timestamp":1027709444000},"page":"96-101","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Vaginal misoprostol enhances intrauterine insemination"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Samuel E.","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James P.","family":"Toner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John A.","family":"Schnorr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shaun C.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William E.","family":"Gibbons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominique","family":"de Ziegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Oehninger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026040911491937200_ACOG-TECHNICAL-BULLETIN-1995"},{"key":"2026040911491937200_ACOSTA-AND-KRUGER-1996"},{"key":"2026040911491937200_AITKEN-AND-KELLY-1985","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0730139","volume":"73","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. 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