{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T12:51:42Z","timestamp":1791550302625,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]],"date-time":"2021-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(grant agreements NNF14CC0001 and NNF17OC0027594"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(grant agreements NNF14CC0001 and NNF17OC0027594"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ole Kirk Foundation"},{"name":"Rigshospitalet\u2019s Research Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant agreement no. 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NNF18SA0034956"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,18]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n STUDY QUESTION<\/jats:title>\n Does the sequence of prior pregnancy events (pregnancy losses, live births, ectopic pregnancies, molar pregnancy and still birth), obstetric complications and maternal age affect chance of live birth in the next pregnancy and are prior events predictive for the outcome?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n SUMMARY ANSWER<\/jats:title>\n The sequence of pregnancy outcomes is significantly associated with chance of live birth; however, pregnancy history and age are insufficient to predict the outcome of an individual woman\u2019s next pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY<\/jats:title>\n Adverse pregnancy outcomes decrease the chance of live birth in the next pregnancy, whereas the impact of prior live births is less clear.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION<\/jats:title>\n Nationwide, registry-based cohort study of 1\u00a0285\u00a0230 women with a total of 2\u00a0722\u00a0441 pregnancies from 1977 to 2017.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n PARTICIPANTS\/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS<\/jats:title>\n All women living in Denmark in the study period with at least one pregnancy in either the Danish Medical Birth Registry or the Danish National Patient Registry. Data were analysed using logistic regression with a robust covariance model to account for women with more than one pregnancy. Model discrimination and calibration were ascertained using 20% of the women in the cohort randomly selected as an internal validation set.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE<\/jats:title>\n Obstetric complications, still birth, ectopic pregnancies and pregnancy losses had a negative effect on the chance of live birth in the next pregnancy. Consecutive, identical pregnancy outcomes (pregnancy losses, live births or ectopic pregnancies) immediately preceding the next pregnancy had a larger impact than the total number of any outcome. Model discrimination was modest (C-index = 0.60, positive predictive value = 0.45), but the models were well calibrated.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION<\/jats:title>\n While prior pregnancy outcomes and their sequence significantly influenced the chance of live birth, the discriminative abilities of the predictive models demonstrate clearly that pregnancy history and maternal age are insufficient to reliably predict the outcome of a given pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS<\/jats:title>\n Prior pregnancy history has a significant impact on the chance of live birth in the next pregnancy. However, the results emphasize that only taking age and number of losses into account does not predict if a pregnancy will end as a live birth or not. A better understanding of biological determinants for pregnancy outcomes is urgently needed.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n STUDY FUNDING\/COMPETING INTEREST(S)<\/jats:title>\n The work was supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation, Ole Kirk Foundation and Rigshospitalet\u2019s Research Foundation. The authors have no financial relationships that could appear to have influenced the work.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER<\/jats:title>\n N\/A.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]],"date-time":"2020-11-09T12:28:21Z","timestamp":1604924901000},"page":"1065-1073","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Chance of live birth: a nationwide, registry-based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Astrid M","family":"Kolte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Unit, Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospital , Rigshospitalet, Fertility Clinic 4071, 2100 Copenhagen \u00d8, and Hvidovre Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen , 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Westergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Unit, Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospital , Rigshospitalet, Fertility Clinic 4071, 2100 Copenhagen \u00d8, and Hvidovre Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark"},{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen , 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"},{"name":"Methods and Analysis, Statistics Denmark , 2100 Copenhagen \u00d8, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d8jvind","family":"Lidegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen , 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Gynaecology 4232, Copenhagen University Hospital , Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen \u00d8, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren","family":"Brunak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen , 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henriette Svarre","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recurrent Pregnancy Loss Unit, Capital Region, Copenhagen University Hospital , Rigshospitalet, Fertility Clinic 4071, 2100 Copenhagen \u00d8, and Hvidovre Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen , 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Gynaecology-and-Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital , Hvidovre Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023020714232385900_deaa326-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340600627022","article-title":"Cumulative incidence of previous spontaneous abortion in Sweden in 1983-2003: a register study","volume":"85","author":"Adolfsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"2023020714232385900_deaa326-B2","first-page":"146","article-title":"Pregnancy loss and risk of later dementia: a nationwide cohort study, Denmark, 1977-2017","volume":"5","author":"Basit","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dementia"},{"key":"2023020714232385900_deaa326-B3","article-title":"ESHRE guideline: recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"2018;1\u201312","author":"Bender Atik","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Open"},{"key":"2023020714232385900_deaa326-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2010.02.015","article-title":"Recurrent miscarriage: are three miscarriages one too many? 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