{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:01:03Z","timestamp":1790168463861,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council Partnership"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n STUDY QUESTION<\/jats:title>\n Is the metabolic health of men conceived using ICSI different to that of IVF and spontaneously conceived (SC) men?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n SUMMARY ANSWER<\/jats:title>\n ICSI-conceived men aged 18\u201324\u2009years, compared with SC controls, showed differences in some metabolic parameters including higher resting diastolic blood pressure (BP) and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores, although the metabolic parameters of ICSI- and IVF-conceived singleton men were more comparable.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY<\/jats:title>\n Some studies suggest that IVF-conceived offspring may have poorer cardiovascular and metabolic profiles than SC children. Few studies have examined the metabolic health of ICSI-conceived offspring.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION<\/jats:title>\n This cohort study compared the metabolic health of ICSI-conceived men to IVF-conceived and SC controls who were derived from prior cohorts. Participants included 121 ICSI-conceived men (including 100 singletons), 74 IVF-conceived controls (all singletons) and 688 SC controls (including 662 singletons).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n PARTICIPANTS\/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS<\/jats:title>\n Resting systolic and diastolic BP (measured using an automated sphygmomanometer), height, weight, BMI, body surface area and fasting serum metabolic markers including fasting insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and HOMA-IR were compared between groups. Data were analysed using multivariable linear regression adjusted for various covariates including age and education level.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE<\/jats:title>\n After adjusting for covariates, compared to 688 SC controls, 121 ICSI-conceived men had higher diastolic BP (\u03b2 4.9, 95% CI 1.1\u20138.7), lower fasting glucose (\u03b2 \u22120.7, 95% CI \u22120.9 to \u22120.5), higher fasting insulin (ratio 2.2, 95% CI 1.6\u20133.0), higher HOMA-IR (ratio 1.9, 95% CI 1.4\u20132.6), higher HDLC (\u03b2 0.2, 95% CI 0.07\u20130.3) and lower hsCRP (ratio 0.4, 95% CI 0.2\u20130.7) levels. Compared to 74 IVF-conceived singletons, only glucose differed in the ICSI-conceived singleton men (\u03b2 \u22120.4, 95% CI \u22120.7 to \u22120.1). No differences were seen in the paternal infertility subgroups.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION<\/jats:title>\n The recruitment rate of ICSI-conceived men in this study was low and potential for recruitment bias exists. The ICSI-conceived men, the IVF-conceived men and SC controls were from different cohorts with different birth years and different geographical locations. Assessment of study groups and controls was not contemporaneous, and the measurements differed for some outcomes (BP, insulin, glucose, lipids and hsCRP).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS<\/jats:title>\n These observations require confirmation in a larger study with a focus on potential mechanisms. Further efforts to identify whether health differences are due to parental characteristics and\/or factors related to the ICSI procedure are also necessary.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n STUDY FUNDING\/COMPETING INTEREST(S)<\/jats:title>\n This study was funded by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Partnership Grant (NHMRC APP1140706) and was partially funded by the Monash IVF Research and Education Foundation. S.R.C. was supported through an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. R.J.H. is supported by an NHMRC project grant (634457), and J.H. and R.I.M. have been supported by the NHMRC as Senior and Principal Research Fellows respectively (J.H. fellowship number: 1021252; R.I.M. fellowship number: 1022327). L.R. is a minority shareholder and the Group Medical Director for Monash IVF Group, and reports personal fees from Monash IVF Group and Ferring Australia, honoraria from Ferring Australia and travel fees from Merck Serono and MSD and Guerbet; R.J.H. is the Medical Director of Fertility Specialists of Western Australia and has equity in Western IVF; R.I.M. is a consultant for and shareholder of Monash IVF Group and S.R.C. reports personal fees from Besins Healthcare and nonfinancial support from Merck outside of the submitted work. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER<\/jats:title>\n N\/A.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deac212","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T16:22:55Z","timestamp":1663690975000},"page":"2908-2920","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The metabolic health of young men conceived using intracytoplasmic sperm injection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8247-5058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S R","family":"Catford","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research , Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Halliday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7298-4940","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M K","family":"O\u2019Bryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of BioSciences and Bio21 Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4200-7476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D J","family":"Handelsman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney , Sydney, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Andrology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Sydney, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6610-3040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R J","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Western Australia , Perth, Australia"},{"name":"Fertility Specialists of Western Australia , Perth, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J","family":"McBain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Melbourne IVF , East Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Royal Women's Hospital , Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L","family":"Rombauts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd , Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7191-8511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D J","family":"Amor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9510-4181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R","family":"Saffery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Murdoch Children\u2019s Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R I","family":"McLachlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research , Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash University , Melbourne, Australia"},{"name":"Monash IVF Group Pty Ltd , Melbourne, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.45.12.1684","article-title":"Relationship of generalized and regional adiposity to insulin sensitivity in men with NIDDM","volume":"45","author":"Abate","year":"1996","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI118083","article-title":"Relationships of generalized and regional adiposity to insulin sensitivity in men","volume":"96","author":"Abate","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2014.12.014","article-title":"The number of subjects per variable required in linear regression analyses","volume":"68","author":"Austin","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8170518","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8170518","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and its components in young adults conceived by ICSI","volume":"2018","author":"Belva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.13571","article-title":"Body fat content, fat distribution and adipocytokine production and their correlation with fertility markers in young adult men and women conceived by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)","volume":"88","author":"Belva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"506","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del372","article-title":"Medical outcome of 8-year-old singleton ICSI children (born >or=32 weeks' gestation) and a spontaneously conceived comparison group","volume":"22","author":"Belva","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/der375","article-title":"Are ICSI adolescents at risk for increased adiposity?","volume":"27","author":"Belva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3100","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des259","article-title":"Blood pressure in ICSI-conceived adolescents","volume":"27","author":"Belva","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.17985","article-title":"Trends in use of and reproductive outcomes associated with intracytoplasmic sperm injection","volume":"313","author":"Boulet","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517-6161.1964.tb00553.x","article-title":"An analysis of transformations","volume":"26","author":"Box","year":"1964","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Series B Methodol"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2200","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305609111","article-title":"Maternal tract factors contribute to paternal seminal fluid impact on metabolic phenotype in offspring","volume":"111","author":"Bromfield","year":"2014","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"hoaa042","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoaa042","article-title":"Health and fertility of ICSI-conceived young men: study protocol","volume":"2020","author":"Catford","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Open"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3417","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2896","article-title":"Body composition in children and adolescents born after in vitro fertilization or spontaneous conception","volume":"92","author":"Ceelen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1682","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-2432","article-title":"Cardiometabolic differences in children born after in vitro fertilization: follow-up study","volume":"93","author":"Ceelen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2921","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deab198","article-title":"International Committee for Monitoring Assisted Reproductive Technologies world report: assisted reproductive technology, 2014","volume":"36","author":"Chambers","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-0103","article-title":"Altered glucose metabolism in mouse and humans conceived by IVF","volume":"63","author":"Chen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddy321","article-title":"Impact of assisted reproduction, infertility, sex and paternal factors on the placental DNA methylome","volume":"28","author":"Choufani","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B18","first-page":"E214","article-title":"Glucose clamp technique: a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance","volume":"237","author":"Defronzo","year":"1979","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.113.113134","article-title":"In vitro fertilization affects growth and glucose metabolism in a sex-specific manner in an outbred mouse model","volume":"90","author":"Donjacour","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dex209","article-title":"DNA methylation signatures in cord blood of ICSI children","volume":"32","author":"El Hajj","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.05.006","article-title":"Assisted reproductive technology alters deoxyribonucleic acid methylation profiles in bloodspots of newborn infants","volume":"106","author":"Estill","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2632","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031619","article-title":"Central fat mass versus peripheral fat and lean mass: opposite (adverse versus favorable) associations with arterial stiffness? The Amsterdam Growth and Health Longitudinal Study","volume":"89","author":"Ferreira","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1842","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30312-X","article-title":"Origins of lifetime health around the time of conception: causes and consequences","volume":"391","author":"Fleming","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B24","first-page":"225","article-title":"Estimation of human body surface area from height and weight","volume":"54","author":"Gehan","year":"1970","journal-title":"Cancer Chemother Rep"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e94001","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0094001","article-title":"Plasma metabolomic profiling suggests early indications for predisposition to latent insulin resistance in children conceived by ICSI","volume":"9","author":"Gkourogianni","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2013.02.009","article-title":"Phenotypic differences in children conceived from fresh and thawed embryos in in vitro fertilization compared with naturally conceived children","volume":"99","author":"Green","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.12.007","article-title":"Cardiovascular and metabolic profiles of offspring conceived by assisted reproductive technologies: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"107","author":"Guo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.03.001","article-title":"Health of adults aged 22 to 35 years conceived by assisted reproductive technology","volume":"112","author":"Halliday","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.01.006","article-title":"Comparing indicators of health and development of singleton young adults conceived with and without assisted reproductive technology","volume":"101","author":"Halliday","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.09.010","article-title":"Alterations in sperm DNA methylation patterns at imprinted loci in two classes of infertility","volume":"94","author":"Hammoud","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.2002.tb02304.x","article-title":"Optimal power transformations for analysis of sperm concentration and other semen variables","volume":"23","author":"Handelsman","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Androl"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dey371","article-title":"Features of the metabolic syndrome in late adolescence are associated with impaired testicular function at 20 years of age","volume":"34","author":"Hart","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1677047","article-title":"Sperm epigenetics and its impact on male fertility, pregnancy loss, and somatic health of future offsprings","volume":"36","author":"Hotaling","year":"2019","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1289","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0001289","article-title":"Widespread epigenetic abnormalities suggest a broad DNA methylation erasure defect in abnormal human sperm","volume":"2","author":"Houshdaran","year":"2007","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2007.01.088","article-title":"Insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome, and risk of incident cardiovascular disease: a population-based study","volume":"49","author":"Jeppesen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-016-0751-5","article-title":"Insulin resistance of puberty","volume":"16","author":"Kelsey","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Diab Rep"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2542","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm187","article-title":"Aberrant DNA methylation of imprinted loci in sperm from oligospermic patients","volume":"16","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmu033","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of DNA methylation levels and imprinting disorders in children conceived by IVF\/ICSI compared with children conceived spontaneously","volume":"20","author":"Lazaraviciute","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-017-0377-3","article-title":"Clinical review of 24-35 year olds conceived with and without in vitro fertilization: study protocol","volume":"14","author":"Lewis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.12.223","article-title":"Effect of frozen\/thawed embryo transfer on birthweight, macrosomia, and low birthweight rates in US singleton infants","volume":"218","author":"Litzky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmh002","article-title":"Potential significance of genomic imprinting defects for reproduction and assisted reproductive technology","volume":"10","author":"Lucifero","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/gam093","article-title":"Abnormal methylation of imprinted genes in human sperm is associated with oligozoospermia","volume":"14","author":"Marques","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00280883","article-title":"Homeostasis model assessment: insulin resistance and beta-cell function from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in man","volume":"28","author":"Matthews","year":"1985","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.4161\/15592294.2014.988041","article-title":"Comparison of genome-wide and gene-specific DNA methylation between ART and naturally conceived pregnancies","volume":"10","author":"Melamed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Epigenetics"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3441","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2465","article-title":"In vitro fertilization improves childhood growth and metabolism","volume":"92","author":"Miles","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)91944-H","article-title":"Effects of frequent ultrasound during pregnancy: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"342","author":"Newnham","year":"1993","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3922","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11929-9","article-title":"Assisted reproductive technologies are associated with limited epigenetic variation at birth that largely resolves by adulthood","volume":"10","author":"Novakovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-018-0762-4","article-title":"Association between insulin resistance and the development of cardiovascular disease","volume":"17","author":"Ormazabal","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cardiovasc Diabetol"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B49","first-page":"1121","article-title":"Association between anxiety and hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies","volume":"11","author":"Pan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2014.11.006","article-title":"Subfertility and assisted reproduction techniques are associated with poorer cardiometabolic profiles in childhood","volume":"30","author":"Pontesilli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5052","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI68943","article-title":"Mice generated by in vitro fertilization exhibit vascular dysfunction and shortened life span","volume":"123","author":"Rexhaj","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddm280","article-title":"Manipulations of mouse embryos prior to implantation result in aberrant expression of imprinted genes on day 9.5 of development","volume":"17","author":"Rivera","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2019.05.006","article-title":"Impact of male factor infertility on offspring health and development","volume":"111","author":"Rumbold","year":"2019","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000136581.59584.0E","article-title":"C-reactive protein, the metabolic syndrome, and prediction of cardiovascular events in the Framingham Offspring Study","volume":"110","author":"Rutter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2009.09.049","article-title":"Absence of insulin resistance and low-grade inflammation despite early metabolic syndrome manifestations in children born after in vitro fertilization","volume":"94","author":"Sakka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-13-0354","article-title":"Effects of the use of assisted reproduction and high-caloric diet consumption on body weight and cardiovascular health of juvenile mouse offspring","volume":"147","author":"Schenewerk","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.071183","article-title":"Systemic and pulmonary vascular dysfunction in children conceived by assisted reproductive technologies","volume":"125","author":"Scherrer","year":"2012","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.109.082826","article-title":"Glucose parameters are altered in mouse offspring produced by assisted reproductive technologies and somatic cell nuclear transfer","volume":"83","author":"Scott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/52.3-4.591","article-title":"An analysis of variance test for normality (complete samples)","volume":"52","author":"Shapiro","year":"1965","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"aab2006","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aab2006","article-title":"Disruption of histone methylation in developing sperm impairs offspring health transgenerationally","volume":"350","author":"Siklenka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1186\/s13148-015-0071-7","article-title":"DNA methylation differences between in vitro- and in vivo-conceived children are associated with ART procedures rather than infertility","volume":"7","author":"Song","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Epigenetics"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B62","first-page":"1384","article-title":"Cohort profile: the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) study-generation 2","volume":"46","author":"Straker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1442","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002428","article-title":"Assisted reproductive technologies are associated with cardiovascular remodeling in utero that persists postnatally","volume":"128","author":"Valenzuela-Alcaraz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1200","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00533.2014","article-title":"Right ventricular dysfunction in children and adolescents conceived by assisted reproductive technologies","volume":"118","author":"Von Arx","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5449","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0610317104","article-title":"Mouse embryo culture induces changes in postnatal phenotype including raised systolic blood pressure","volume":"104","author":"Watkins","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu094","article-title":"Epigenetic status in the offspring of spontaneous and assisted conception","volume":"29","author":"Whitelaw","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-4755-10-15","article-title":"Health and development of ART conceived young adults: a study protocol for the follow-up of a cohort","volume":"10","author":"Wilson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"2022120105532596700_deac212-B68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2008.00989.x","article-title":"Infertility, infertility treatment and psychomotor development: the Danish National Birth Cohort","volume":"23","author":"Zhu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"}],"container-title":["Human Reproduction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/humrep\/article-pdf\/37\/12\/2908\/47257428\/deac212.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/humrep\/article-pdf\/37\/12\/2908\/47257428\/deac212.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,4]],"date-time":"2024-10-04T01:56:36Z","timestamp":1728006996000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/humrep\/article\/37\/12\/2908\/6724350"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deac212","relation":{},"ISSN":["0268-1161","1460-2350"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0268-1161","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2350","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]}}}