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Given in utero sequalae of PCOS (e.g. hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance), the increased risk could be to both boys and girls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Upstate KIDS cohort is a population-based birth cohort established in 2008\u20132010 to prospectively study the impact of infertility treatment on children\u2019s health. After \u223c10\u2009years of follow-up, 446 mothers and their 556 children attended clinical visits to measure blood pressure (BP), heart rate, arterial stiffness by pulse wave velocity (PWV), mean arterial pressure, lipids, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and anthropometrics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>PARTICIPANTS\/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Women self-reported ever diagnoses of PCOS \u223c4\u2009months after delivery of their children in 2008\u20132010. Linear regression models applying generalized estimating equations to account for correlation within twins were used to examine associations with each childhood cardiometabolic outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort with women oversampled on infertility treatment, \u223c14% of women reported a PCOS diagnosis (n\u2009=\u200961). We observed similarities in BP, heart rate, PWV, lipids, hsCRP, HbA1c, and anthropometry (P-values &amp;gt;0.05) among children born to mothers with and without PCOS. Associations did not differ by child sex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION<\/jats:title><jats:p>The sample size of women with PCOS precluded further separation of subgroups (e.g. by hirsutism). The population-based approach relied on self-reported diagnosis of maternal PCOS even though self-report has been found to be valid. Participants were predominantly non-Hispanic White and a high proportion were using fertility treatment due to the original design. Differences in cardiometabolic health may be apparent later in age, such as after puberty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results provide some reassurance that cardiometabolic factors do not differ in children of women with and without self-reported PCOS during pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY FUNDING\/COMPETING INTEREST(S)<\/jats:title><jats:p>Supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, United States (contracts #HHSN275201200005C, #HHSN267200700019C, #HHSN275201400013C, #HHSN275201300026I\/27500004, #HHSN275201300023I\/27500017). The authors have no conflicts of interest.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>REGISTRATION NUMBER<\/jats:title><jats:p>NCT03106493<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dead227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T04:08:25Z","timestamp":1699416505000},"page":"232-239","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Maternal self-reported polycystic ovary syndrome with offspring and maternal cardiometabolic outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"K J","family":"Polinski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research , Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S L","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology 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