{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T14:55:23Z","timestamp":1789052123432,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]],"date-time":"2024-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708560000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W11-179912"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W11-179912"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n STUDY QUESTION<\/jats:title>\n Is there a difference in the time interval between the first and second live births among individuals with and without recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL)?<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n SUMMARY ANSWER<\/jats:title>\n Primary RPL (two or more pregnancy losses before the first live birth) is associated with a shorter time interval between the first and second live births compared with individuals without RPL, but this association is reversed in patients with secondary RPL (RPL patients with no or one pregnancy loss before the first live birth).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY<\/jats:title>\n There is limited information regarding the ability to have more than one child for patients with RPL. Previous studies have investigated the time to live birth and the live birth rate from the initial presentation to clinical providers. Most of the previous studies have included only patients treated at specialized RPL clinics and thus may be limited by selection bias, including patients with a more severe condition.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION<\/jats:title>\n We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study of 184\u00a0241 participants who delivered in British Columbia, Canada, and had at least two recorded live births between 2000 and 2018. The aim was to study the differences in the time interval between the first and second live births and the prevalence of pregnancy complications in patients with and without RPL. Additionally, 198\u00a0319 individuals with their first live birth between 2000 and 2010 were studied to evaluate cumulative second live birth rates.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n PARTICIPANTS\/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS<\/jats:title>\n Among individuals with at least two recorded live births between 2000 and 2018, 12\u00a0321 patients with RPL and 171\u00a0920 participants without RPL were included. RPL was defined as at least two pregnancy losses before 20\u2009weeks gestation. Patients with primary RPL had at least two pregnancy losses occurring before the first live birth, while patients with secondary RPL had no or one pregnancy loss before the first live birth. We compared the time interval from the first to second live birth in patients with primary RPL, those with secondary RPL, and participants without RPL using generalized additive models to allow for a non-linear relationship between maternal age and time interval between first and second live births. We also compared prevalence of pregnancy complications at the first and second live births between the groups using non-parametric Kruskal\u2013Wallis H test and Fisher\u2019s exact test for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. We assessed the cumulative second live birth rates in patients with primary RPL and those without RPL, among participants who had their first live birth between 2000 and 2010. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate and compare hazard ratios between the two groups using a stratified modelling approach.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE<\/jats:title>\n The adjusted time interval between the first and second live births was the longest in patients with secondary RPL, followed by individuals without RPL, and the shortest time interval was observed in patients with primary RPL: 4.34\u2009years (95% CI: 4.09\u20134.58), 3.20\u2009years (95% CI: 3.00\u20133.40), and 3.05\u2009years (95% CI: 2.79\u20133.32). A higher frequency of pregnancy losses was associated with an increased time interval between the first and second live births. The prevalence of pregnancy complications at the first and second live births, including gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, preterm birth, and multiple gestations was significantly higher in patients with primary RPL compared with those without RPL. The cumulative second live birth rate was significantly lower in patients with primary RPL compared with individuals without RPL.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION<\/jats:title>\n This study may be limited by its retrospective nature. Although we adjusted for multiple potential confounders, there may be residual confounding due to a lack of information about pregnancy intentions and other factors, including unreported pregnancy losses.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS<\/jats:title>\n The results of this study provide information that will help clinicians in the counselling of RPL patients who desire a second child.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n STUDY FUNDING\/COMPETING INTEREST(S)<\/jats:title>\n This study was supported in part by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR): Reference Number W11-179912. M.A.B. reports research grants from CIHR and Ferring Pharmaceutical. He is also on the advisory board for AbbVie, Pfizer, and Baxter. The other authors report no conflict of interest.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER<\/jats:title>\n NCT04360564.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deae029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]],"date-time":"2024-02-23T09:14:39Z","timestamp":1708679679000},"page":"1105-1116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A history of recurrent pregnancy loss is associated with increased perinatal complications, but not necessarily a longer birth interval: a population study spanning 18 years"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6015-7523","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristy","family":"Cho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2224-2313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bahi","family":"Fayek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University , Menoufia, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7350-0434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang (Doris)","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianne","family":"Albert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Research Institute , Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Wiesenthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Dobrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Research Institute , Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6657-3034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Faten F","family":"AbdelHafez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University , Assiut, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarka","family":"Lisonkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Women\u2019s Health Research Institute , Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3454-8555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed A","family":"Bedaiwy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3736","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2020.1839877","article-title":"A proposed prognostic prediction tool for a live birth among women with recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"35","author":"Bashiri","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"830","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dead040","article-title":"Prevalence, causes, and impact of non-visualized pregnancy losses in a recurrent pregnancy loss population","volume":"38","author":"Bedaiwy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2868","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.11.2868","article-title":"A longitudinal study of pregnancy outcome following idiopathic recurrent miscarriage","volume":"14","author":"Brigham","year":"1999","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-00228-z","article-title":"Recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"6","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-021-03158-6","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress disorder following childbirth","volume":"21","author":"Ertan","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B6","first-page":"hoad002","article-title":"ESHRE guideline: recurrent pregnancy loss: an update in 2022","volume":"2023","author":"Bender Atik","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Open"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev044","article-title":"Perinatal outcomes in a subsequent pregnancy among women who have experienced recurrent miscarriage: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"30","author":"Field","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B8","first-page":"76","article-title":"Recurrent pregnancy loss: etiology, diagnosis, and therapy","volume":"2","author":"Ford","year":"2009","journal-title":"Rev Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.siny.2015.12.010","article-title":"Multiple gestations and preterm birth","volume":"21","author":"Fuchs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1080\/01443615.2019.1576600","article-title":"A review of reproductive outcomes of women with two consecutive miscarriages and no living child","volume":"39","author":"Green","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.4274\/tjod.galenos.2022.50576","article-title":"Short interdelivery interval in modern obstetrics: maternal and neonatal outcomes","volume":"19","author":"\u0130mamo\u011flu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Turk J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu052","article-title":"Time to conception and time to live birth in women with unexplained recurrent miscarriage","volume":"29","author":"Kaandorp","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1000641","article-title":"Aspirin plus heparin or aspirin alone in women with recurrent miscarriage","volume":"362","author":"Kaandorp","year":"2010","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-017-4532-4","article-title":"Fertility after recurrent miscarriages: results of an observational cohort study","volume":"297","author":"Kling","year":"2018","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu042","article-title":"Non-visualized pregnancy losses are prognostically important for unexplained recurrent miscarriage","volume":"29","author":"Kolte","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu299","article-title":"Terminology for pregnancy loss prior to viability: a consensus statement from the ESHRE early pregnancy special interest group","volume":"30","author":"Kolte","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deaa326","article-title":"Chance of live birth: a nationwide, registry-based cohort study","volume":"36","author":"Kolte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-11-154","article-title":"New insights into mechanisms behind miscarriage","volume":"11","author":"Larsen","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.5468\/ogs.2016.59.5.379","article-title":"Etiologic characteristics and index pregnancy outcomes of recurrent pregnancy losses in Korean women","volume":"59","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Sci"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.00636","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors of gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study in Qingdao, China","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31823c0413","article-title":"Prognosis for live birth in women with recurrent miscarriage: what is the best measure of success?","volume":"119","author":"Lund","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2020.02.020","article-title":"Clinical phenotype & outcomes of women who develop severe hypertension in pregnancy 2020","volume":"37","author":"McLaughlin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Canadian Journal of Cardiology"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1067","article-title":"Pregnancy intentions-a complex construct and call for new measures","volume":"106","author":"Mumford","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deq091","article-title":"Frequency and impact of obstetric complications prior and subsequent to unexplained secondary recurrent miscarriage","volume":"25","author":"Nielsen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0261769","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0261769","article-title":"Long term miscarriage-related hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Evidence from a United Kingdom population-based cohort study","volume":"17","author":"Okoth","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2021.03.022","article-title":"Postpartum haemorrhage and risk of mental ill health: a population-based longitudinal study using linked primary and secondary care databases","volume":"137","author":"Parry-Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B27","author":"Perinatal Services BC","year":"2014"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.06.048","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion","volume":"98","author":"Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B29","first-page":"1","article-title":"Fertility: overview, 2012 to 2016","volume":"91","author":"Provencher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stat Canada Cat"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10020179","article-title":"Women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss are a high-risk population for adverse obstetrical outcome: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Rasmark Roepke","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13210","article-title":"Is the incidence of recurrent pregnancy loss increasing? A retrospective register-based study in Sweden","volume":"96","author":"Rasmark Roepke","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2005.tb06730.x","article-title":"Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: a population-based study","volume":"182","author":"Roberts","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med J Aust"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1515\/jpm-2011-0315","article-title":"Primary vs. secondary recurrent pregnancy loss\u2014epidemiological characteristics, etiology, and next pregnancy outcome","volume":"40","author":"Shapira","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Perinat Med"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1238","DOI":"10.1177\/15248380211060808","article-title":"Effectiveness of psychological interventions to improve the mental well-being of parents who have experienced traumatic childbirth: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Shorey","year":"2023","journal-title":"Trauma Violence Abuse"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-014-1615-8","article-title":"Variation in pregnancy intendedness across U.S. women\u2019s pregnancies","volume":"19","author":"Shreffler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Matern Child Health J"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1447-0756.2012.01973.x","article-title":"Frequency of recurrent spontaneous abortion and its influence on further marital relationship and illness: the Okazaki Cohort Study in Japan","volume":"39","author":"Sugiura-Ogasawara","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol Res"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmp009","article-title":"Predicting adverse obstetric outcome after early pregnancy events and complications: a review","volume":"15","author":"van Oppenraaij","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.3189","article-title":"Risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes among pregnant individuals with gestational diabetes by race and ethnicity in the United States, 2014-2020","volume":"327","author":"Venkatesh","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e023996","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-023996","article-title":"Fecundability among Danish women with a history of miscarriage: a prospective cohort study","volume":"9","author":"Wildenschild","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1038\/jp.2016.54","article-title":"The association between interdelivery interval and adverse perinatal outcomes in a diverse US population","volume":"36","author":"Yee","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2017.1395850","article-title":"Short birth-to-pregnancy intervals among African-born black women in Washington State","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med"},{"key":"2024050205543298700_deae029-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e220944","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.0944","article-title":"Association of history of spontaneous or induced abortion with subsequent risk of gestational diabetes","volume":"5","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"}],"container-title":["Human Reproduction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/humrep\/article-pdf\/39\/5\/1105\/57365651\/deae029.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/humrep\/article-pdf\/39\/5\/1105\/57365651\/deae029.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T05:58:09Z","timestamp":1714629489000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/humrep\/article\/39\/5\/1105\/7613010"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humrep\/deae029","relation":{},"ISSN":["0268-1161","1460-2350"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0268-1161","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2350","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]}}}