{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,2]],"date-time":"2026-11-02T22:38:59Z","timestamp":1793659139929,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,11]],"date-time":"2018-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1536624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100012912","name":"Imperial College Healthcare Charity","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["141517"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["141517"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100012912","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000762","name":"Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000762","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000761","name":"Imperial College London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000761","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmy025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,29]],"date-time":"2018-07-29T15:07:10Z","timestamp":1532876830000},"page":"731-749","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":242,"title":["The psychological impact of early pregnancy loss"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Farren","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tommy\u2019s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Queen Charlottes and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Mitchell-Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tommy\u2019s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Queen Charlottes and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Chelsea and Westminster NHS Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan Y","family":"Verbakel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven, ACHG, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Kapucijnenvoer 33, Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dirk","family":"Timmerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Herestraat, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Jalmbrant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tommy\u2019s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Queen Charlottes and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1421-6059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tom","family":"Bourne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tommy\u2019s National Centre for Miscarriage Research, Queen Charlottes and Chelsea Hospital, Imperial College, London, UK"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Imperial College Healthcare Trust, London, UK"},{"name":"KU Leuven, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Herestraat, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199511000-00003","article-title":"Grief and depression after miscarriage: their separation, antecedents, and course","volume":"57","author":"Beutel","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(95)00520-X","article-title":"Similarities and differences in couples\u2019 grief reactions following a miscarriage: results from a longitudinal study","volume":"40","author":"Beutel","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01426.x","article-title":"A prospective longitudinal population-based study of clinical miscarriage in an urban Swedish population","volume":"115","author":"Blohm","year":"2008","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C4","first-page":"969","article-title":"Traumatic stress disorders following first-trimester spontaneous abortion","volume":"55","author":"Bowles","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Fam Pract"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1080\/02646839308403199","article-title":"Early miscarriage: preliminary results from a study in Northern Ireland","volume":"11","author":"Cecil","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Reprod Infant Psychol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.12251","article-title":"Stress and anxiety-depression levels following first-trimester miscarriage: a comparison between women who conceived naturally and women who conceived with assisted reproduction","volume":"120","author":"Cheung","year":"2013","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1080\/02646839408408866","article-title":"A 2-year follow-up of women who have experienced early miscarriage","volume":"12","author":"Cordle","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Reprod Infant Psychol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01452.x","article-title":"The emotional burden of miscarriage for women and their partners: trajectories of anxiety and depression over 13 months","volume":"114","author":"Cumming","year":"2007","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.3109\/01443619609020727","article-title":"Does miscarriage affect the father?","volume":"16","author":"Daly","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol (Lahore)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-8343(01)00124-4","article-title":"Posttraumatic stress disorder after pregnancy loss","volume":"23","author":"Engelhard","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e011864","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-011864","article-title":"Post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression following miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy: a prospective cohort study","volume":"6","author":"Farren","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.155.6.810","article-title":"The psychiatric consequences of spontaneous abortion","volume":"155","author":"Friedman","year":"1989","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry Suppl"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C13","first-page":"478","article-title":"Psychological difficulties following spontaneous abortion. [French]","volume":"9","author":"Garel","year":"1996","journal-title":"Reprod Hum et Horm"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.3109\/01443619309151859","article-title":"Emotional wellbeing following miscarriage","volume":"13","author":"Harker","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynaecol (Lahore)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1997.01830130062013","article-title":"A prospective study of risk factors predicting grief intensity following pregnancy loss","volume":"54","author":"Janssen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.153.2.226","article-title":"Controlled prospective study on the mental health of women following pregnancy loss","volume":"153","author":"Janssen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1080\/01674820412331282240","article-title":"Implications of coping repertoire as predictors of men\u2019s stress, anxiety and depression following pregnancy, childbirth and miscarriage: a longitudinal study","volume":"25","author":"Johnson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(99)00126-3","article-title":"Minor depressive disorder in the context of miscarriage","volume":"59","author":"Klier","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C19","first-page":"i73","article-title":"Stress and depression at referral do not entail a lower chance of live birth\/ongoing pregnancy for women with recurrent pregnancy loss","volume":"30","author":"Kolte","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02653.x","article-title":"Gender comparison of psychological reaction after miscarriage-a 1-year longitudinal study","volume":"117","author":"Kong","year":"2010","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-016-0812-y","article-title":"Depressive disorder and grief following spontaneous abortion","volume":"16","author":"Kulathilaka","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(96)01418-8","article-title":"Psychiatric morbidity following miscarriage: a prevalence study of Chinese women in Hong Kong","volume":"43","author":"Lee","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.12.048","article-title":"A 1-year longitudinal study of psychological morbidity after miscarriage","volume":"93","author":"Lok","year":"2010","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01193.x","article-title":"Risk factors for first trimester miscarriage--results from a UK-population-based case-control study","volume":"114","author":"Maconochie","year":"2007","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"b2535","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2535","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"339","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C26","first-page":"CD008679","article-title":"Follow-up for improving psychological well being for women after a miscarriage","volume":"3","author":"Murphy","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1089\/154099903768248276","article-title":"The effect of depressive symptoms and optimism on the risk of spontaneous abortion among innercity women","volume":"12","author":"Nelson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Womens Health (Larchmt)"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(92)91839-3","article-title":"Depressive symptoms in women in the six months after miscarriage","volume":"166","author":"Neugebauer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.82.10.1332","article-title":"Determinants of depressive symptoms in the early weeks after miscarriage","volume":"82","author":"Neugebauer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03540290035029","article-title":"Major depressive disorder in the 6 months after miscarriage","volume":"277","author":"Neugebauer","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-3-18","article-title":"The course of mental health after miscarriage and induced abortion: a longitudinal, five-year follow-up study","volume":"3","author":"Nordal Broen","year":"2005","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340500438116","article-title":"Predictors of anxiety and depression following pregnancy termination: a longitudinal five-year follow-up study","volume":"85","author":"Nordal Broen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2044-8341.1993.tb01762.x","article-title":"A three-month follow-up of psychological morbidity after early miscarriage","volume":"66","author":"Prettyman","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Med Psychol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e016571","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-016571","article-title":"Priorities for research in miscarriage: a priority setting partnership between people affected by miscarriage and professionals following the James Lind Alliance methodology","volume":"7","author":"Prior","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C35","first-page":"161","article-title":"The psychological implications of spontaneous abortions","volume":"25","author":"Seibel","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Reprod Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genhosppsych.2009.12.002","article-title":"Psychiatric morbidity following miscarriage in Hong Kong","volume":"32","author":"Sham","year":"2010","journal-title":"Gen Hosp Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(97)00223-6","article-title":"Selection bias in a study on how women experienced induced abortion","volume":"77","author":"Soderberg","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.10.2580","article-title":"Depression as a potential causal factor in subsequent miscarriage in recurrent spontaneous aborters","volume":"17","author":"Sugiura-Ogasawara","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C39","first-page":"94","article-title":"Psychological sequelae of miscarriage: a controlled study using the general health questionnaire and the hospital anxiety and depression scale","volume":"42","author":"Thapar","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C40","first-page":"2012","article-title":"Tubal ectopic pregnancy","volume":"1406","author":"Varma","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Clin Evid"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1080\/02646830020032365","article-title":"A preliminary investigation of psychological distress following surgical management of early pregnancy loss detected at initial ultrasound scanning: a trauma perspective","volume":"19","author":"Walker","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Reprod Infant Psychol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.1989.tb05262.x","article-title":"Importance of high response rates in traumatic stress research","volume":"355","author":"Weisaeth","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20181019074310547_dmy025C43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.6.1638","article-title":"Expectant management versus surgical evacuation in first trimester miscarriage: health-related quality of life in randomized and non-randomized patients","volume":"17","author":"Wieringa-De Waard","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"}],"container-title":["Human Reproduction Update"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/humupd\/article-pdf\/24\/6\/731\/26114650\/dmy025.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]],"date-time":"2019-10-21T08:33:55Z","timestamp":1571646835000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/humupd\/article\/24\/6\/731\/5094891"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,11]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmy025","relation":{},"ISSN":["1355-4786","1460-2369"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1355-4786","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2369","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,11]]}}}