{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T21:39:23Z","timestamp":1789421963737,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,16]],"date-time":"2021-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Adult patients with both inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and celiac disease (CeD) have peculiar phenotypic features. This study aimed at describing the characteristics and natural history of children with both IBD and CeD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This was a case-control study based on a national registry. Cases included children diagnosed with both IBD and CeD. Two matched IBD controls without CeD, and 2 matched CeD controls were selected for each case. Inflammatory bowel disease phenotype and natural history, comprising growth and pubertal development, were compared between groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Forty-nine (1.75%) patients with IBD and CeD were identified out of 2800 patients with IBD. Compared with patients with IBD alone, patients with IBD and CeD presented more frequently with autoimmune diseases (odds ratio, 2.81; 95% CI, 0.97\u20138.37; P = 0.04). Ileocolonic localization (46.1% vs 73.1%), treatment with azathioprine (46.2% vs 71.2%), and anti-TNF biologics (46.2% vs 69.2%) were less common in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease and CeD than in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease alone. Patients with ulcerative colitis and CeD had an increased risk of colectomy despite similar medical treatments compared with patients with ulcerative colitis alone (13.0% vs 0%). Pubertal delay was more common in patients with IBD and CeD compared with patients with IBD alone (14.9% vs 3.2%; odds artio, 5.24; 95% CI, 1.13\u201333.0; P = 0.02) and CeD alone (14.9% vs 1.1%; P = 0.002).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Children with IBD and CeD may have peculiar features with a higher risk for autoimmune diseases, colectomy, and pubertal delay compared with IBD alone.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa360","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,16]],"date-time":"2021-01-16T09:24:39Z","timestamp":1610789079000},"page":"1881-1888","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Phenotype and Natural History of Children With Coexistent Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Celiac Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5249-8248","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Bramuzzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy and Nutrition Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS \u201cBurlo Garofolo,\u201d Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Lionetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department NEUROFARBA, University of Florence, Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital , Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erasmo","family":"Miele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples \u201cFederico II,\u201d Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Romano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Cystic Fibrosis, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood \u201cG. 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Del Ponte\u201d Hospital, University of Insubria , Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Cardile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS , Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9026-7758","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Di Nardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NESMOS Department, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Sant\u2019Andrea University Hospital , Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Illiceto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Endoscopic Unit, Department of Pediatrics, \u201cSanto Spirito\u201d Hospital , Pescara, 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Pozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Vittore Buzzi Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Milan , Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Zuin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, University of Milano Bicocca, FMBBM, San Gerardo Hospital , Monza, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Agrusti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Health Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Bianconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Meyer children\u2019s Hospital , Florence, 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