{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T23:24:19Z","timestamp":1792711459604,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":143,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1626912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Regenerative medicine is an emerging therapeutic method that aims to reconstruct tissues and organs. This advanced therapeutic approach has demonstrated great potential in addressing the limitations of medical and surgical procedures for treating perineal fistula in patients with Crohn\u2019s disease. Recent developments in stem cell technology have led to a massive good manufacturing practices (GMPs) production of various stem cells, including mesenchymal and embryonic cells, along with induction of pluripotent stem cells to repair damaged tissues in the fistula. The recent advances in separation and purification of exosomes, as biologic nanovesicles carrying anti-inflammatory and regenerative agents, have made them powerful tools to treat this inflammatory disease. Further, tremendous advances in nanotechnology, biomaterials, and scaffold fabrication methods enable tissue engineering methods to synthesize tissue-like structures to assist surgical techniques. This review focuses on advanced regenerative-based methods including stem cell therapy, exosome therapy, and tissue engineering used in the treatment of perianal fistula. Relevant in vitro and in vivo studies and the latest innovations in implementation of regenerative medicine for this disease are also separately reviewed. Additionally, current challenges regarding implementation of g stem cells, exosomes, and tissue engineering methods for bridging the gaps between laboratory findings and clinic application will be discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izab151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,22]],"date-time":"2021-07-22T11:20:04Z","timestamp":1626952804000},"page":"133-142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Advanced Regenerative Medicine Strategies for Treatment of Perianal Fistula in Crohn\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Hojjatollah","family":"Nazari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran"},{"name":"Colorectal Surgery Research Center, Imam Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran"},{"name":"Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Tehran Heart Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vahid Yaghoubi","family":"Naei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran"},{"name":"Colorectal Surgery Research Center, Imam Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asieh Heirani","family":"Tabasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran"},{"name":"Colorectal Surgery Research Center, Imam Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran"},{"name":"Department of Cell Therapy and Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , 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