{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:08:01Z","timestamp":1790892481910,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The vermiform appendix is generally considered a redundant organ, but recent evidence suggests that the appendix could contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases, in particular ulcerative colitis (UC), and may even have a therapeutic role; however, mechanisms of the appendix involvement remain unclear. Here, we highlight current evidence on the link between the appendix and UC and consider plausible therapeutic implications. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and PubMed Central from inception to Nov 2021 using the terms \u201cAppendix\u201d, \u201cUC\u201d, \u201cAppendix &amp; UC,\u201d \u201cAppendectomy\u201d, and \u201cPeri-appendicular patch,\u201d including only articles published in English. Reference lists from the selected studies were manually searched and reviewed to gather additional related reports. Inflammation around the appendix (\u201cperi-appendicular patch\u201d) has been frequently observed in UC patients without other cecal involvement, and this inflammation can even precede the onset of UC. Epidemiologic studies propose that appendectomy reduces the risk of developing UC or even the risk of flare after UC is diagnosed, although this remains controversial. We reviewed studies showing altered host-microbe interactions in the appendix in UC, which suggest that the appendix could act as a priming site for disease via alterations in the immune response and changes in microbiota carried distally to the colon. In summary, recent literature suggests a possible role for microbes and immune cells within the appendix; however, the role of the appendix in the pathogenesis of UC remains unclear. Further research could clarify the therapeutic potential related to this organ.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izac106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]],"date-time":"2022-06-24T17:04:09Z","timestamp":1656090249000},"page":"151-160","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Appendix and Ulcerative Colitis: a Key to Explaining the Pathogenesis and Directing Novel Therapies?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8601-1779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazanin","family":"Arjomand Fard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB, T6G 2X8 , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather","family":"Armstrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB, T6G 2X8 , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy , Room 4-577, 11405 87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9 , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba , Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Troy","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB, T6G 2X8 , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eytan","family":"Wine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence for Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Immunity Research, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB, T6G 2X8 , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9 , Canada"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy , Room 4-577, 11405 87th Ave, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9 , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,24]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2023010801580039700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.10.020","article-title":"Understanding and preventing the global increase of inflammatory bowel 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