{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T10:04:23Z","timestamp":1767866663577,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]],"date-time":"2022-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 DK007634"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 DK007634"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007890","name":"University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Royster Society of Fellows"},{"name":"Center for Pharmacoepidemiology"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007327","name":"UNC Gillings School of Global Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007327","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Center for Health Services Research"},{"name":"Clinical and Translational Science","award":["UL1TR001111"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR001111"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Evaluation of mucosal healing with colonoscopy is recommended for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) management; however, little is known about real-world use of treat-to-target monitoring following IBD treatment initiation. We aimed to estimate the proportion of U.S. commercially insured IBD patients who receive colonoscopy in the 3 to 15 months after initiating treatment.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We identified IBD patients, 18 to 64 years of age, in the IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database as those with \u22653 IBD diagnoses prior to initiation of biologic, small molecule, or immunomodulatory treatment. We excluded patients with prior colectomy and with rheumatologic and other indications for these therapies. Colonoscopies were identified using International Classification of Diseases\u2013Ninth Revision, International Classification of Diseases\u2013Tenth Revision, and Current Procedural Terminology procedure codes. We used Kaplan-Meier methods to estimate the proportion of newly treated IBD patients who received colonoscopy in the 3 to 6 months, 3 to 12 months, and 3 to 15 months following treatment initiation, and stratified trends by year, patient age and sex, and region.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From 2013 to 2019, we identified 39 734 initiators of IBD medications (51.9% female, mean age 39.4 years). We observed similar colonoscopy incidence among ulcerative colitis patients (3-6 months: 14.2% [95% confidence interval (CI), 13.6%-14.8%]; 3-12 months: 37.7% [95% CI, 36.8%-38.6%]; 3-15 months: 46.1% [95% CI, 45.2%-47.1%]) and Crohn\u2019s disease patients (3-6 months: 11.2% [95% CI, 10.8%-11.6%]; 3-12 months: 32.2% [95% CI, 31.5%-32.9%]; 3-15 months: CD: 40.1% [95% CI, 39.3%-40.8%]). Overall colonoscopy use was slightly higher among women, patients in the Northeast, and those initiating newer biologic therapies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fewer than half of newly treated IBD patients underwent colonoscopy within 3 to 15 months of initiating new treatment, suggesting low uptake of treat-to-target endoscopic disease monitoring in real-world practice.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izac136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]],"date-time":"2022-08-05T12:16:08Z","timestamp":1659701768000},"page":"735-743","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Utilization of Colonoscopy Following Treatment Initiation in U.S. Commercially Insured Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, 2013-2019"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0817-983X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeff Y","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer L","family":"Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Pate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael D","family":"Kappelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2023050208152715700_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjw168","article-title":"3rd European Evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn\u2019s disease 2016: part 1: diagnosis and medical management.","volume":"11","author":"Gomoll\u00f3n","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023050208152715700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1464","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.10.046","article-title":"AGA Institute technical review on the use of thiopurines, methotrexate, and anti-TNF-alpha biologic drugs in inflammatory Crohn\u2019s disease,","volume":"145","author":"Dassopoulous","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023050208152715700_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjx009","article-title":"Third European evidence-based consensus on diagnosis and management of ulcerative colitis. Part 2: current management.","volume":"11","author":"Harbord","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023050208152715700_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.05.036","article-title":"Ulcerative colitis care pathway","volume":"149","author":"Dassopoulos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023050208152715700_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.03.001","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guidelines for the medical management of nonhospitalized ulcerative colitis: the Toronto consensus.","volume":"148","author":"Bressler","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023050208152715700_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjz131","article-title":"Outcomes and strategies to support a treat-to-target approach in inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic 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