{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T22:21:00Z","timestamp":1790720460819,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691107200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There is evidence that SARS-CoV2 infection can increase the risk of herpes zoster (HZ) in the general population. However, the risk in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is not known.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The TriNetX database was utilized to conduct a retrospective cohort study in patients with IBD after SARS-CoV2 infection and patients without a SARS-CoV2 infection (IBD control cohort). The primary outcome was to evaluate the risk of HZ between the 2 cohorts. One-to-one (1:1) propensity score matching was performed for demographic parameters, HZ risk factors and IBD medications between the 2 cohorts. Adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After propensity score matching, patients with IBD with a SARS-CoV2 infection were at an increased risk for HZ (aOR, 2.16; 95% CI, 1.53-3.04) compared with IBD control cohort in the pre-COVID-19 vaccine era. There was no difference in the risk (aOR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.44-1.75) of a composite outcome of HZ complications (hospitalization, post-herpetic neuralgia, and neurologic complications) between the 2 cohorts. The IBD SARS-CoV2 cohort was also at an increased risk for HZ (aOR, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.48-6.24) compared with IBD control cohort in the postvaccine era. However, the risk of HZ in the postvaccine era was decreased (aOR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.27-0.76) compared with IBD SARS-CoV2 cohort in the prevaccine era.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our study showed that SARS-CoV2 infection is associated with an increased risk of HZ in patients with IBD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izad162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]],"date-time":"2023-08-04T21:44:25Z","timestamp":1691185465000},"page":"1094-1102","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Increased Risk of Herpes Zoster in Adult Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease After SARS-CoV2 Infection: A Propensity-Matched Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6604-7712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aakash","family":"Desai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland, OH , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aakriti","family":"Soni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital , Worchester, MA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary S","family":"Hayney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health , Madison, WI , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8305-9742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jana G","family":"Hashash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL , USA"},{"name":"American University of Beirut , Beirut , Lebanon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gursimran S","family":"Kochhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Allegheny Health Network , Pittsburgh, PA , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis A","family":"Farraye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1960-6611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Freddy","family":"Caldera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health , Madison, WI , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1302674","article-title":"Herpes zoster. Solomon CG, ed","volume":"369","author":"Cohen","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2006.09.019","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for herpes zoster among patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"4","author":"Gupta","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12182","article-title":"Increased risk of herpes zoster among 108 604 patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"37","author":"Long","year":"2012","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2017.12.052","article-title":"Overall and comparative risk of herpes zoster with pharmacotherapy for inflammatory bowel diseases: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"16","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol: Off Clin Pract J Am Gastroenterol Assoc"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17379","article-title":"Systematic review with network meta-analysis: risk of herpes zoster with biological therapies and small molecules in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"57","author":"Din","year":"2022","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-021-00549-1","article-title":"Can COVID-19 increase the risk of herpes zoster? a narrative review","volume":"11","author":"Diez-Domingo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dermatol Therapy"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-01122-w","article-title":"The T cell immune response against SARS-CoV-2","volume":"23","author":"Moss","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Immunol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00446","DOI":"10.14309\/ctg.0000000000000446","article-title":"Equivalent cellular and humoral immunity to varicella zoster virus in patients with inflammatory bowel disease and healthy older adults for whom immunization is recommended","volume":"13","author":"Caldera","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Transl Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.02.033","article-title":"Increased number of herpes zoster cases in Brazil related to the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"104","author":"Maia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofac118","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofac118","article-title":"Increased risk of herpes zoster in adults \u226550 years old diagnosed with COVID-19 in the United States","volume":"9","author":"Bhavsar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izac131","article-title":"A systematic review of Crohn\u2019s disease case definitions in administrative or claims databases","volume":"29","author":"Hutfless","year":"20, 2022","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.16730","article-title":"Incidence, outcomes, and impact of COVID-19 on inflammatory bowel disease: propensity matched research network analysis","volume":"55","author":"Hadi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2020.06.003","article-title":"Risk of severe COVID-19 in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in United States. a multicenter research network study","volume":"159","author":"Singh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0014","first-page":"izac252","article-title":"Effect of 2 vs 3 doses of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a population-based propensity matched analysis","author":"Desai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis."},{"key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0015","volume-title":"A Timeline of COVID-19 Developments in 2020","author":"AJMC Staff","year":"2021"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.01.001","article-title":"What gastroenterologists should know about COVID-19 vaccines","volume":"19","author":"Rolak","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.07.023","article-title":"Efficacy of recombinant zoster vaccine in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"20","author":"Khan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"40","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17430","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000017430","article-title":"The risk of herpes zoster virus infection in patients with depression","volume":"98","author":"Choi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)."},{"issue":"10","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3148","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9103148","article-title":"Trajectories of hospitalization in COVID-19 patients: an observational study in France","volume":"9","author":"Bo\u00eblle","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"20","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7560","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17207560","article-title":"Time between symptom onset, hospitalisation and recovery or death: statistical analysis of Belgian COVID-19 patients","volume":"17","author":"Faes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"issue":"9","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2005.12.002","article-title":"Gender as an independent risk factor for herpes zoster: a population-based prospective study","volume":"16","author":"Opstelten","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2013.06.016","article-title":"A population based study of the epidemiology of herpes zoster and its complications","volume":"67","author":"Weitzman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Infect."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0146750","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146750","article-title":"Increased risk of herpes zoster in diabetic patients comorbid with coronary artery disease and microvascular disorders: a population-based study in Taiwan. Messaoudi I, ed","volume":"11","author":"Ke","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"ofu049","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofu049","article-title":"Incidence of herpes zoster and persistent post-zoster pain in adults with or without diabetes in the United States","volume":"1","author":"Suaya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Open Forum Infect Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2017.10.009","article-title":"Risk factors for herpes zoster: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"92","author":"Kawai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc."},{"issue":"16","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25292","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000025292","article-title":"The incidence of herpes zoster in patients with diabetes mellitus","volume":"100","author":"Lai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgab675","article-title":"Association between diabetes mellitus and the risk of herpes zoster: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"107","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metabol"},{"key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2021.08.048","article-title":"Herpes zoster after COVID vaccination","volume":"111","author":"van Dam","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis."},{"issue":"7830","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2639-4","article-title":"Phase 1\/2 study of COVID-19 RNA vaccine BNT162b1 in adults","volume":"586","author":"Mulligan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature."},{"issue":"10249","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)31604-4","article-title":"Articles safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: a preliminary report of a phase 1\/2, single-blind, randomised controlled trial","volume":"396","author":"Folegatti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1984","DOI":"10.12669\/pjms.37.7.4085","article-title":"Lymphopenia: a useful predictor of COVID-19 disease severity and mortality","volume":"37","author":"Toori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pak J Med Sci"},{"issue":"15","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa248","article-title":"Dysregulation of immune response in patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China","volume":"71","author":"Qin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis."},{"issue":"11","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2242240","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.42240","article-title":"Assessment of herpes zoster risk among recipients of COVID-19 vaccine","volume":"5","author":"Akpandak","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.11.025","article-title":"Risk of herpes zoster reactivation after messenger RNA COVID-19 vaccination: A cohort study","volume":"87","author":"Birabaharan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7103a2","article-title":"Use of recombinant zoster vaccine in immunocompromised adults aged \u226519 years: recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices \u2014 United States, 2022","volume":"71","author":"Anderson","year":"2022","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep."},{"issue":"30","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2021.05.043","article-title":"Effectiveness of recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"39","author":"Kochhar","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccine."},{"issue":"11","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17454","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of an adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine in adults with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"57","author":"Caldera","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl18304","article-title":"Increased risk of herpes zoster in young and metabolically healthy patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a nationwide population-based study","volume":"13","author":"Soh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"issue":"33","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e26863","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000026863","article-title":"The incidence rate of herpes zoster in inflammatory bowel disease: a meta-analysis of cohort studies","volume":"100","author":"Lai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izy311","article-title":"Herpes zoster incidence in inflammatory bowel disease patients: a population-based study","volume":"25","author":"C\u00f4t\u00e9-Daigneault","year":"2018","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis."},{"key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/gastro\/goad016","article-title":"Incidence and risk of herpes zoster in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn\u2019s disease in the USA","volume":"11","author":"Singer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e28745","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.28745","article-title":"Long-term risk of herpes zoster following COVID-19: A retrospective cohort study of 2 442 686 patients","volume":"95","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Virol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.12.013","article-title":"High but inequitable COVID-19 vaccine uptake among patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"20","author":"Schell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024070305512411300_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e72","DOI":"10.1093\/jcag\/gwab016","article-title":"Canadian association of gastroenterology clinical practice guideline for immunizations in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)\u2014part 2: inactivated vaccines","volume":"4","author":"Jones","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Can Assoc Gastroenterol"}],"container-title":["Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ibd\/izad162\/51040673\/izad162.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/article-pdf\/30\/7\/1094\/58282314\/izad162.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/article-pdf\/30\/7\/1094\/58282314\/izad162.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]],"date-time":"2024-07-03T05:52:24Z","timestamp":1719985944000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/article\/30\/7\/1094\/7237408"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ibd\/izad162","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-0998","1536-4844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-0998","type":"print"},{"value":"1536-4844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]}}}