{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T12:31:35Z","timestamp":1784291495880,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Beckett Foundation"},{"name":"The Louis-Hansen Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004196","name":"Odense University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The development of diseases with a possible autoimmune pathogenesis is common in adults with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In early onset IBD, it may differ but the evidence is sparse. We aimed to investigate the risk and time span from IBD diagnosis to outcomes with different associated disorders with possible autoimmune pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A register-based study included all Danish patients with early onset of IBD (\u226418 years) between 1980 and 2021 and 50 matched references without IBD for each case. We examined the risk of type 1 and type 2 diabetes, celiac disease, thyroid disease, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and spondyloarthritis in Cox regression models.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In total, 6822 patients with IBD were identified, and 337\u2005728 matched references. The median age at the time of IBD diagnosis or index date for the matched references was 16 years (25-75 percentile: 13-18 years), and the median age at the time of an outcome or at the end of follow-up was 28.1 years (25-75 percentile: 21.5-37.0 years). According to the cumulative incidence plots psoriatic arthritis, and spondyloarthritis was diagnosed approximately 10 years after the IBD onset, and the remaining outcomes later. The adjusted hazard ratio after full follow-up was 4.72 (95% CI, 3.85-5.80) for psoriatic arthritis, 5.21 (95% CI, 4.17-6.50) for spondyloarthritis, 2.77 (95% CI, 1.92-4.00) for celiac disease, 2.15 (95% CI, 1.54-3.01) for rheumatoid arthritis, 1.69 (95% CI, 1.23-2.32) and 1.64 (95% CI, 1.21-2.21) for type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively. For thyroid disease, it was 1.16 (95% CI, 0.97-1.40).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The risk estimates were significantly increased for all outcomes at the end of follow-up, except for thyroid disease, but according to the cumulative incidence plots, only psoriatic arthritis and spondyloarthritis occurred earlier in the IBD cohort than in the matched references.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izae047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T19:27:30Z","timestamp":1710962850000},"page":"87-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Children and Adolescents Diagnosed With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Are at Increased Risk of Developing Diseases With a Possible Autoimmune 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,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark , Odense ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1113-195X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels","family":"Qvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Surgery and Center for IBD Care, Odense University Hospital , Odense ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark , Odense ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Gastrointestinal Diseases and Malformations in Infancy and Childhood (GAIN), Odense University Hospital , Odense ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasmus Gaardsk\u00e6r","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Excellence in Gastrointestinal Diseases and Malformations in Infancy and Childhood (GAIN), Odense University Hospital , Odense ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Hans Christian Andersen Children\u2019s Hospital, Odense University Hospital, and Research Unit of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark , Odense ,","place":["Denmark"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9514-3033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bente Mertz","family":"N\u00f8rg\u00e5rd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Odense University Hospital , Odense ,","place":["Denmark"]},{"name":"Research Unit of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark , Odense 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