{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T20:16:16Z","timestamp":1789848976434,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK119210; RH, R03HD104877"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK119210; RH, R03HD104877"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010024","name":"Hungarian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K-138664"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K-138664"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Immune cell populations in the intestinal muscularis propria during colitis are poorly resolved. Maintaining homeostasis in this niche is critical, highlighted by the poorer prognosis of inflammatory bowel disease associated with muscularis propria inflammation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study utilizes single-cell RNA sequencing to survey the immune cell populations within the muscularis propria of normal colon and dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. Findings are validated by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry and cell-lineage tracing in vivo, and in vitro assays with muscularis macrophages (MM\u03c6).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In na\u00efve conditions, transcriptional duality is observed in MM\u03c6s with 2 major subpopulations: conventional resident Cx3cr1+ MM\u03c6s and Lyve1+ MM\u03c6s. The Lyve1+ population is phagocytic and expresses several known MM\u03c6 markers in mouse and human, confirming their identity as a bona fide MM\u03c6 subset. Single-cell transcriptomics indicate that resident MM\u03c6s are retained during colitis and exhibit plasticity toward an inflammatory profile. Lyve1+ MM\u03c6s, which express anti-inflammatory marker CD163, are absent during colitis, as confirmed by flow cytometry. In contrast, lineage tracing finds that resident Cx3cr1+ MM\u03c6s remain during colitis and are not completely replaced by the inflammatory infiltrating monocytes. In vitro studies provide biological evidence of the plasticity of resident Cx3cr1+ MM\u03c6s in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), mirroring transcriptional observations in vivo of their inflammatory plasticity. Potential markers for colitic MM\u03c6s, validated in animal models and in individuals with ulcerative colitis, are identified.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings contribute to the understanding of the immune system in the muscularis propria niche during colitis by resolving the heterogeneity and origins of colitic MM\u03c6s.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izae155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T22:53:20Z","timestamp":1722898400000},"page":"151-168","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Resolving Resident Colonic Muscularis Macrophage Diversity and Plasticity During Colitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Kensuke","family":"Ohishi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Massachusetts General 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Y","family":"Shpigel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Rehovot ,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nitya","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Mass General Hospital for Children , Charlestown, MA ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nandor","family":"Nagy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University , Budapest 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