{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T19:45:20Z","timestamp":1783539920033,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1722816000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exhibit an increased risk for acquiring hepatitis B virus (HBV), thus they should be vaccinated preferably, if not already infected or immunized. We assessed the efficacy of HBV vaccination in IBD patients and impact of different factors on the immune response. We also evaluated the success rate of 2 different revaccination strategies in the nonresponders.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This was a retrospective observational cohort study carried out in 5 tertiary centers. All patients were tested for hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs), and antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen. Patients tested negative and underwent the standard schedule with 20 \u00b5g at 0, 1, and 6 months. Nonresponders (anti-HBs &amp;lt;10 IU\/L) were offered a revaccination scheme with either 3 doses of 40 \u00b5g at 0, 1, and 6 months or an accelerated scheme with 20 \u00b5g at 0, 1, and 2 months.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 409 patients were included, and 273 (66.7%) of those (females: 49.5%; Crohn\u2019s disease [CD]: 56.7%) responded to baseline vaccination. A total of 189 (69.2%) of 273 (females: 48.1%; CD: 60.3%) developed anti-HBs &amp;gt;100 IU\/L. Body mass index &amp;lt;30 kg\/m2 (P\u2005=\u2005.017) was positively associated, while diagnosis of CD (P\u2005=\u2005.013), extensive UC (P &amp;lt;.0001), extraintestinal manifestations (P\u2005=\u2005.001), and treatment with immunomodulators\/anti-tumor necrosis factor (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.00) negatively affected the response. Revaccination was offered to 103 patients, and 58.3% of them achieved anti-HBs &amp;gt;10 IU\/L. Both revaccination strategies were equally effective.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>IBD patients demonstrate lower response to HBV vaccination compared with the general population. Age, body mass index, type, disease activity, and immunosuppression negatively affect the response. Half of nonresponders may benefit from an enhanced revaccination attempt.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izae173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T22:05:18Z","timestamp":1722895518000},"page":"1317-1324","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Efficacy of Vaccination and Revaccination Against Hepatitis B Virus Using 2 Different Strategies in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7345-5298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Markopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Metaxa Memorial Cancer Hospital , Piraeus ,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3552-3074","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Karmiris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Venizeleio General Hospital , Heraklion ,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Dimas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Venizeleio General Hospital , Heraklion ,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangelos","family":"Voudoukis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Venizeleio General Hospital , Heraklion ,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Spyridon","family":"Siakavellas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, General 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,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eftychia","family":"Tsironi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Metaxa Memorial Cancer Hospital , Piraeus ,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Tzouvala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Agios Panteleimon General Hospital, Nikaia, Piraeus - Agia Varvara General Hospital of Western Attica , Athens ,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Papatheodoridis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Athens LAIKO, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens ,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Bamias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Athens LAIKO, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens ,","place":["Greece"]},{"name":"GI Unit, 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Sotiria General Hospital, Medical School of National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens ,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025051303561720700_CIT0001","volume-title":"Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis 2016\u20132021","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025051303561720700_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2020.01.001","article-title":"Global epidemiology of viral 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