{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T17:08:45Z","timestamp":1789664925199,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,22]],"date-time":"2024-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82270552"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82270552"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Initiative","award":["22S31903500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22S31903500"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Baoshan District Key Specialties","award":["BSZK-2023-A05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BSZK-2023-A05"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Baoshan District Science and Technology Foundation","award":["2023-E-11, 2023-E-12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-E-11, 2023-E-12"]}]},{"name":"Ren Ji Hospital Baoshan Branch","award":["2023-rbcxjj-002 and 2023-rbcxjj-007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023-rbcxjj-002 and 2023-rbcxjj-007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Perianal fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease (pfCD) poses significant healing challenges, closely associated with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). This study aimed to investigate the microbe\u2013host interactions influencing NETs in pfCD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From January 2019 to July 2022, patients with pfCD were screened at Ren Ji Hospital. Patients in remission following comprehensive treatment were recruited. We documented clinical characteristics, medication regimens, healing outcomes, and infliximab levels in fistula tissues. NET positivity was confirmed by positive results in citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and dual immunofluorescence staining for myeloperoxidase and CitH3. Microbial and transcriptomic profiles from fistula tissues, obtained during surgery, were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and RNA sequencing. Differences in microbiome and transcriptomic profiles were evaluated, and their relationships were assessed using Mantel\u2019s and Spearman\u2019s coefficients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Significant differences in microbial communities were found between groups (P\u2005=\u2005.007). Representatively differential microbes such as Prevotella bivia, Streptococcus gordonii, and Bacteroides dorei were enriched in NETs-positive fistulas (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05). Functional analysis of microbes revealed reduced ubiquinol biosynthesis and butanoate production in NETs-negative fistulas (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05). Transcriptomic analysis indicated increased neutrophil and monocyte infiltration in NETs-positive fistulas, associated with pathways involving bacterial response, neutrophil chemotaxis, secretory processes, and peptidase activity (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.05). Species prevalent in NETs-positive fistulas correlated positively with immune responses and wound healing pathways, whereas bacteria in NETs-negative fistulas correlated negatively. NETs were negatively associated with tissue infliximab levels (P\u2005=\u2005.001) and healing outcomes (P\u2005=\u2005.025).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings reveal unique microbial and transcriptomic signatures associated with NETs in pfCD, highlighting their profound influence on clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izae202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T02:24:26Z","timestamp":1729650266000},"page":"321-331","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Microbial and Transcriptomic Landscape Associated With Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Perianal Fistulizing Crohn\u2019s Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Dongxing","family":"Cao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200444 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muni","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Cancer Institute , Shanghai, 200001 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nailin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 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Tong University , Shanghai 200127 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhai","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200127 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200444 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangyu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200444 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoyan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai Cancer Institute , Shanghai, 200001 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Medicine, Baoshan Branch, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200444 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