{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T21:03:37Z","timestamp":1789765417797,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003748","name":"Swedish Society for Medical Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DNR S20-0007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DNR S20-0007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020-01980"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020-01980"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K2005-72X-11242-11A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K2005-72X-11242-11A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KS2008-g9X-20826 01-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KS2008-g9X-20826 01-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K2008-69X-20826-01-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K2008-69X-20826-01-4"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Birgitta and G\u00f6ran Karlsson Foundation"},{"name":"Swedish Child Diabetes Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001861","name":"Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FAS2004-1775"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAS2004-1775"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001861","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"JDRF Wallenberg Foundation","award":["K 98-99D-12813-01A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K 98-99D-12813-01A"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Diet diversity in early childhood promotes microbial diversity, influences the developing immune system, and has been linked to a reduced risk of immune-mediated diseases. This study aimed to determine the association between childhood diet diversity and later inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), for which data are limited.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Questionnaire data from the population-based birth cohorts All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) and the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort (MoBa), including participants from Southeast Sweden and Norway, were used to estimate a diet diversity score at ages 1 and 3 years. This score represents the diversity of intakes across 5 food groups comprising 11 subgroups. A higher score signifies higher diet diversity. We used linked health registry data to identify IBD diagnoses up to the year 2021. Cox regression and random-effect models were used to estimate pooled hazard ratios (aHRs) adjusted for sociodemographics, breastfeeding, and early-life antibiotic use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among 81\u2005272 children with 1\u2005304\u2005325 person-years of follow-up, 307 developed IBD. Diet diversity at ages 1 and 3 years was in pooled analyses not associated with later IBD (per one-unit increase, aHR\u2005=\u20050.96 [95% CI\u2005=\u20050.81-1.14] and aHR\u2005=\u20050.96 [95% CI\u2005=\u20050.83-1.11]). In MoBa, but not ABIS, a higher diet diversity at 1 and 3 years of age was inversely associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) (per one-unit increase, aHR\u2005=\u20050.78 [95% CI\u2005=\u20050.66-0.94] and aHR\u2005=\u20050.78 [95% CI\u2005=\u20050.65-0.95]). Still, pooled aHRs for UC as well as Crohn\u2019s disease approximated one.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this prospective study of 2 Scandinavian birth cohorts, no association was observed between early-life diet diversity and the subsequent risk of IBD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izae210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]],"date-time":"2024-09-14T13:26:24Z","timestamp":1726320384000},"page":"1493-1501","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Early-Life Diet Diversity and the Subsequent Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Findings From Two Scandinavian Birth Cohorts"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4635-1183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annie","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnny","family":"Ludvigsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Crown Princess Victoria Children\u2019s Hospital, Region \u00d6sterg\u00f6tland , Link\u00f6ping ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Division of Pediatrics, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Link\u00f6ping University , Link\u00f6ping ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elin M","family":"H\u00e5rd af Segerstad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne Lise","family":"Brants\u00e6ter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Safety and Centre for Sustainable Diets, Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics and Data Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ketil","family":"St\u00f8rdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital , Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"M\u00e5rild","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Queen Silvia Children\u2019s Hospital , Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025061403515813100_CIT0001","volume-title":"Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025","author":"U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2020","edition":"9"},{"key":"2025061403515813100_CIT0002","volume-title":"WHO Guideline for Complementary Feeding of Infants and Young Children 6\u201323 Months of Age","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025061403515813100_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1186\/s41043-022-00337-3","article-title":"Does the high dietary diversity score predict dietary micronutrients adequacy in children under 5 years old? 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