{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:38:13Z","timestamp":1787315893220,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]],"date-time":"2024-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1734048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000056","name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23NR020044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23NR020044"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000056","name":"National Institute of Nursing Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31NR020425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31NR020425"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000056","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004737","name":"National Health Research Institutes in Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NHRI-EX113-11312PC"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHRI-EX113-11312PC"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004737","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR002319"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002319"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) experience a high symptom burden, including abdominal pain, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances; yet, little is known regarding the relationship between sex and gender on symptoms. We sought to report symptom severity for cisgender men, cisgender women, and transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals. In addition, we used network analysis to identify core symptoms and explore if symptoms and their relationships differ between cisgender men and cisgender women.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a cross-sectional study. We recruited adults with IBD online through ResearchMatch. Individuals responded to Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information symptom questionnaires, as well as demographic and clinical questionnaires. Network analysis was used to identify the core symptoms driving the symptom structure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One-hundred and fifty-seven (63.3%) participants identified as cisgender women, 84 (33.9%) as cisgender men, and 7 (2.8%) as TGD. Cisgender men (M\u2005=\u200561.8) and TGD (M\u2005=\u200561.3) groups reported higher abdominal pain levels compared with cisgender women (M\u2005=\u200557.8; P\u2005=\u2005.02). Transgender and gender-diverse individuals reported higher depression levels (M\u2005=\u200564.8) compared with cisgender men (M\u2005=\u200556.7) and cisgender women (M\u2005=\u200554.4; P\u2005=\u2005.01). Using a network analysis approach, anxiety and fatigue emerged as core symptoms for the entire sample (clinically active and inactive disease), and among only those with active clinical disease. Fatigue was a top core symptom for cisgender women; anxiety emerged as a top core symptom for cisgender men.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study highlights that fatigue and anxiety are core symptoms among individuals with IBD and demonstrates a potential sex and\/or gender difference in core symptoms. Replication of this study is needed with further consideration of inclusion of TGD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izae279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,8]],"date-time":"2024-11-08T07:20:18Z","timestamp":1731050418000},"page":"442-449","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Gender and Sex Differences in Abdominal Pain, Fatigue, And Psychological Symptoms Among Adults with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Network Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7753-3564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kendra","family":"Kamp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing, University of Washington , Seattle , WA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei-Lin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Defense Medical Center , Taipei ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi-Shan","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing, University of Washington , Seattle , WA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing, University of Washington , Seattle , WA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing, University of Washington , Seattle , WA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Molly R","family":"Altman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Family, and Population Health, School of Nursing, University of Washington , Seattle , WA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Heitkemper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing, University of Washington , Seattle , WA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4501-5244","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha","family":"Conley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nursing Research, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6410-4242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunanda","family":"Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic , Rochester , MN,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Winders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biobehavioral Nursing and Health Informatics, School of Nursing, University of Washington , Seattle , WA,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.07.003","article-title":"Incidence, prevalence, and racial and ethnic distribution of inflammatory bowel disease in the United States","volume":"165","author":"Lewis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.21813","article-title":"Symptom clusters in adults with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"40","author":"Conley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-023-02889-y","article-title":"Symptoms and symptom clusters in patients newly diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease: results from the IBSEN III Study","volume":"23","author":"Johansen","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.21985","article-title":"Symptoms among emerging adults with inflammatory bowel disease: a descriptive study","volume":"43","author":"Kamp","year":"2020","journal-title":"Res Nurs Health."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjv218","article-title":"Self-reported symptom burden in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"10","author":"Farrell","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis."},{"issue":"43","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6240","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v18.i43.6240","article-title":"Understanding the health and social care needs of people living with IBD: a meta-synthesis of the evidence","volume":"18","author":"Kemp","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2014.03.005","article-title":"IBD and health-related quality of life\u2014-discovering the true impact","volume":"8","author":"L\u00f6nnfors","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis."},{"issue":"18","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4107","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10184107","article-title":"Prevalence of fatigue and unrecognized depression in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in remission under immunosuppressants and biologicals","volume":"10","author":"Truyens","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1159\/000504701","article-title":"Gender differences in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"101","author":"Greuter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Digestion."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaa115","article-title":"Systematic review: psychosocial correlates of pain in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"27","author":"Murphy","year":"2021","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-023-02906-0","article-title":"Fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease-strongly influenced by depression and not identifiable through laboratory testing: a cross-sectional survey study","volume":"23","author":"Uhlir","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"11-12","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.17735","article-title":"Novel symptom clusters predict disease impact and healthcare utilisation in inflammatory bowel disease: prospective longitudinal follow-up study","volume":"58","author":"Riggott","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aliment Pharmacol Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"866","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2022.11.048","article-title":"A systematic review of inflammatory bowel disease epidemiology and health outcomes in sexual and gender minority individuals","volume":"164","author":"Newman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.07.011","article-title":"Research considerations in digestive and liver disease in transgender and gender-diverse populations","volume":"165","author":"Newman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0015","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1097\/NCC.0000000000000716","article-title":"Symptom clusters and influencing factors in children with acute leukemia during chemotherapy","volume":"43","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Nurs."},{"issue":"9","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1648","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002280","article-title":"Age differences in core symptoms and symptom relationships in patients with irritable bowel syndrome: a network analysis","volume":"118","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm13020165","article-title":"Impact of female gender in inflammatory bowel diseases: a narrative review","volume":"13","author":"Lungaro","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Pers Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e31823ab7d2","article-title":"ResearchMatch: a national registry to recruit volunteers for clinical research","volume":"87","author":"Harris","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acad Med."},{"issue":"8167","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(80)92767-1","article-title":"A simple index of Crohn\u2019s-disease activity","volume":"1","author":"Harvey","year":"1980","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.43.1.29","article-title":"A simple clinical colitis activity index","volume":"43","author":"Walmsley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Gut."},{"issue":"11","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.04.011","article-title":"The patient-reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) developed and tested its first wave of adult self-reported health outcome item banks: 2005-2008","volume":"63","author":"Cella","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol."},{"key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2019.103208","article-title":"The REDCap consortium: building an international community of software platform partners","volume":"95","author":"Harris","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2012.10.006","article-title":"Procurement of shared data instruments for research electronic data capture (REDCap)","volume":"46","author":"Obeid","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Biomed Inform."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v048.i04","article-title":"qgraph: network visualizations of relationships in psychometric data","volume":"48","author":"Epskamp","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Stat Softw."},{"issue":"11","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1129","DOI":"10.1002\/spe.4380211102","article-title":"Graph drawing by force-directed placement","volume":"21","author":"Fruchterman","year":"1991","journal-title":"Softw - Pract Exp."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36973-1","article-title":"Network analysis of the multidimensional symptom experience of oncology","volume":"9","author":"Papachristou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1080\/21642850.2018.1521283","article-title":"Network analysis: a brief overview and tutorial","volume":"6","author":"Hevey","year":"2018","journal-title":"Health Psychol Behav Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000181","article-title":"Identifying highly influential nodes in the complicated grief network","volume":"125","author":"Robinaugh","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Abnorm Psychol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-017-0862-1","article-title":"Estimating psychological networks and their accuracy: a tutorial paper","volume":"50","author":"Epskamp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods."},{"issue":"6","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1273","DOI":"10.1037\/met0000476","article-title":"Comparing network structures on three aspects: a permutation test","volume":"28","author":"van Borkulo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Psychol Methods."},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(23)00005-5","article-title":"Overcoming disparities for sexual and gender minority patients and providers in gastroenterology and hepatology: introduction to rainbows in gastro","volume":"8","author":"Duong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"12","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002333","article-title":"Engaging sexual and gender minority communities in digestive health research","volume":"118","author":"Newman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1111\/birt.12704","article-title":"Birth includes us: development of a community-led survey to capture experiences of pregnancy care among LGBTQ2S+ families","volume":"50","author":"Altman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Birth"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"CD012005","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD012005.pub2","article-title":"Interventions for fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"4","author":"Farrell","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjz148","article-title":"Longitudinal trajectory of fatigue with initiation of biologic therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases: a prospective cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Borren","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis."},{"key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1260420","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2023.1260420","article-title":"Sex differences evident in elevated anxiety symptoms in multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"14","author":"Joyees","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry."},{"issue":"44","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5872","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v29.i44.5872","article-title":"Causal associations between inflammatory bowel disease and anxiety: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study","volume":"29","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-021-02003-0","article-title":"The physiological and psychological effects of cognitive behavior therapy on patients with inflammatory bowel disease before COVID-19: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2013.7.1.51","article-title":"The effect of the menstrual cycle on inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective study","volume":"7","author":"Lim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/1751-2980.12247","article-title":"Menstrual cycle, sex hormones in female inflammatory bowel disease patients with and without surgery","volume":"16","author":"Bharadwaj","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Dig Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1998.540_i.x","article-title":"The menstrual cycle and its effect on inflammatory bowel disease and irritable bowel syndrome: a prevalence study","volume":"93","author":"Kane","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025021012313288800_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-023-02319-x","article-title":"Chronic conditions in women: the development of a National Institutes of health framework","volume":"23","author":"Temkin","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health."}],"container-title":["Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ibd\/izae279\/61151933\/izae279.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/article-pdf\/31\/2\/442\/61151933\/izae279.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/article-pdf\/31\/2\/442\/61151933\/izae279.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T07:38:51Z","timestamp":1739173131000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/article\/31\/2\/442\/7923278"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ibd\/izae279","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-0998","1536-4844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-0998","type":"print"},{"value":"1536-4844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,13]]}}}