{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T02:05:53Z","timestamp":1785549953125,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]],"date-time":"2025-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746576000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ProciseDx"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Point-of-care tests (POCT) enable immediate measurement of anti-TNF blood concentrations. This study examined the association between loss of response (LOR) to infliximab (IFX) or adalimumab (ADL) and serum concentrations measured with POCT and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with IBD with stored IFX or ADL serum samples were recruited. POCT was conducted, agreement with ELISA was evaluated using Bland\u2013Altman plots. The primary endpoint was LOR defined as change in therapy, IBD-related surgery, new actively draining fistula, and\/or endoscopic deterioration. ROC curves and quartile analysis assessed the association between concentrations and LOR.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 176 patients were included (92 IFX\/84 ADL, 154 Crohn\u2019s disease, and 22 ulcerative colitis). Median follow-up time was 20 months (interquartile range 9-38). LOR occurred in 37\/84 (44%) ADL users and 55\/92 (60%) IFX users. Median serum concentrations were significantly lower in LOR patients compared with sustained response, measured by both techniques for ADL (POCT: 6.45 vs 13.48 \u00b5g\/mL, P\u2005&amp;lt;.001; ELISA: 4.80 vs 8.80 \u00b5g\/mL, P\u2005&amp;lt;.001) and IFX (POCT: 2.39 vs 6.50 \u00b5g\/mL, P\u2005&amp;lt;.001; ELISA: 1.70 vs 4.40 \u00b5g\/mL, P\u2005&amp;lt;.001). Quartile analysis revealed that higher serum concentrations were associated with maintained response. ROC curve analysis demonstrated good or excellent discrimination for POCT and ELISA in association with LOR (AUC IFX: POCT\u2005=\u20050.82, ELISA\u2005=\u20050.76; AUC ADL: POCT\u2005=\u20050.82, ELISA\u2005=\u20050.81; all P\u2005&amp;lt;.0001). An overestimation of serum concentrations with POCT was observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum ADL and IFX POCT concentrations are comparable to ELISA and associated with LOR, indicating its clinical utility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaf101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,22]],"date-time":"2025-04-22T07:48:06Z","timestamp":1745308086000},"page":"2886-2894","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical Utility and Accuracy of Point-of-Care Testing for Anti-TNF Drug Monitoring and Loss of Response"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3080-9806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph","family":"Teichert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre , Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3599-3618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne I","family":"Anjie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre , Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toer W","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre , Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bayda","family":"Bahur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ProciseDx Inc. , 9449 Carroll Park Drive, San Diego, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurtis R","family":"Bray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ProciseDx Inc. , 9449 Carroll Park Drive, San Diego, CA ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4830-142X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krisztina B","family":"Gecse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre , Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2784-4046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geert R","family":"D\u2019Haens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre , Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,7]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1080\/17425255.2017.1377180","article-title":"Primary and secondary nonresponse to infliximab: Mechanisms and countermeasures","volume":"13","author":"Wong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2022.02.014","article-title":"Optimizing therapies using therapeutic drug monitoring: current strategies and future perspectives","volume":"162","author":"Irving","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2017.07.032","article-title":"American gastroenterological association institute guideline on therapeutic drug monitoring in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"153","author":"Feuerstein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterology."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(21)00223-5","article-title":"Therapeutic drug monitoring of biologics in inflammatory bowel disease: Unmet needs and future perspectives","volume":"7","author":"Papamichael","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13101712","article-title":"Validation study of novel point-of-care tests for infliximab, adalimumab and c-reactive protein in capillary blood and calprotectin in faeces in an ambulatory inflammatory bowel disease care setting","volume":"13","author":"Volkers","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)."},{"issue":"1","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-023-08139-1","article-title":"Performance of a new rapid point-of-care test for infliximab levels in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a comparison to elisa","volume":"69","author":"Vald\u00e9s-Delgado","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci."},{"issue":"19","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2140","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14192140","article-title":"Comparing point-of-care technology to elisa testing for infliximab and adalimumab levels in adult inflammatory bowel disease patients: a prospective pilot study","volume":"14","author":"Bonazzi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(19)30012-3","article-title":"Predictors of anti-tnf treatment failure in anti-tnf-naive patients with active luminal crohn\u2019s disease: a prospective, multicentre, cohort study","volume":"4","author":"Kennedy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjab127","article-title":"Ultra-proactive therapeutic drug monitoring of infliximab based on point of care testing in inflammatory bowel disease: Results of a pragmatic trial","volume":"16","author":"Bossuyt","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis."},{"issue":"23","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2375","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.21316","article-title":"Effect of therapeutic drug monitoring vs standard therapy during maintenance infliximab therapy on disease control in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"326","author":"Syversen","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"5","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(24)00034-7","article-title":"A biomarker-stratified comparison of top-down versus accelerated step-up treatment strategies for patients with newly diagnosed crohn\u2019s disease (profile): a multicentre, open-label randomised controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Noor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2025102715475095400_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izad103","article-title":"Clinical validation of a capillary blood home-based self-sampling technique for monitoring of infliximab, vedolizumab, and c-reactive protein concentrations in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"30","author":"Otten","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel 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