{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:26:34Z","timestamp":1787505994967,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]],"date-time":"2025-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The pathophysiology of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD), encompassing Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is not entirely understood. Dysregulation of the intestinal microbiome is recognized as both a disease-driving and a potential therapeutic target. This study aimed to systematically analyze gut microbiome compositions and its applicability as a biomarker for disease progress and treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bibliographic and nucleotide databases were searched. Raw 16S-rRNA sequencing reads were subjected to a uniform downstream dada2\/phyloseq pipeline to extract taxonomy, community structure, and abundance information. Patient metadata were extracted from publications, and study authors were contacted for further details if required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-six studies comprising 3956 stool samples (CD 41%, UC 36%, 23% healthy) were included in the analyses. Median age of individuals was 12 (interquartile range 4). Sex distribution was comparable. Alpha diversity was reduced between the healthy and both UC and CD treatment-na\u00efve groups (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001) and further reduced with increasing clinical disease activity. Beta diversity revealed altered community structure in treatment-na\u00efve children with PIBD (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001). This alteration remained in patients in clinical remission (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001). Machine learning models discriminated between treatment-na\u00efve patients with CD or UC with an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) of 98%. Microbial communities differed between patient responders versus nonresponders to treatment (P\u2005&amp;lt;\u2005.001). Further, microbial community profiling distinguished treatment response (eg, steroid, nutrition, or TNF\u03b1) with AUROCs of 82%-90%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gut microbial community structure is substantially altered in active and inactive PIBD and may be utilized as a biomarker for differentiating PIBD subtype and predicting treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izaf135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T07:53:04Z","timestamp":1749196384000},"page":"2338-2351","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Fecal Microbial Community Profiling Allows Discrimination of Phenotype and Treatment Response in Pediatric Crohn\u2019s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis\u2014An International Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Denise","family":"Aldrian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Pollio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cell Biology, Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Mayerhofer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics I, Medical University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kay","family":"Diederen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Amsterdam UMC, Location AMC & VUmc , Amsterdam ,","place":["The 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Research Institute, McMaster University , Hamilton, ON ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3819-4317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lara","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University , Hamilton, ON ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shaare Zedek Medical Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem , Jerusalem ,","place":["Israel"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4204-4736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Del Chierico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases Research Area, Unit of Microbiome, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS , Rome ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Cardile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology, Digestive Endoscopy and Nutrition Unit, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS , Rome ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoya","family":"Grigoryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , New York, NY ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lea Ann","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School , New York, NY ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9813-5290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"Hurych","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital , Prague ,","place":["Czechia"]},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital , Prague ,","place":["Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ondrej","family":"Cinek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital , Prague ,","place":["Czechia"]},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital , Prague ,","place":["Czechia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla R","family":"Taddei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP) , S\u00e3o Paulo ,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Schwerd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children\u2019s Hospital, University Hospital, LMU Munich , Munich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3458-4142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eytan","family":"Wine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta , Edmonton, AB ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne 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