{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:24:58Z","timestamp":1787761498520,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007028","name":"Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007028","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diet is increasingly recognized as a modifiable factor influencing gut microbiome and outcomes in Crohn disease (CD), yet data in underrepresented populations remain limited. We evaluated diet quality, dietary patterns, gut microbiome composition, inflammatory markers, and patient-reported outcomes in adults with CD from Puerto Rico.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 60 adults with CD enrolled prior to dietary intervention in a parent study. Dietary intake was assessed using 24-hour recalls and evaluated using the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), and exploratory dietary pattern analysis. The gut microbiome was assessed by shotgun metagenomic sequencing. Clinical outcomes included fecal calprotectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), a 96-cytokine panel, short Crohn Disease Activity Index (sCDAI), and short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (sIBDQ). Associations were evaluated using unadjusted and adjusted models with false discovery rate (FDR) correction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall diet quality was poor and characterized by low intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fiber, alongside high intake of saturated fat, added sugars, and animal-derived protein. Four dietary patterns were identified: vegetable-rich, dairy-rich, fruit-rich, and coffee\/sweetener-rich. Participants adhering to the fruit-rich pattern exhibited the highest diet quality scores. Higher HEI-2015 scores were associated with greater gut microbial diversity and differences in overall microbiome composition. Participants with greater adherence to the vegetable-rich pattern showed modest increases in microbial diversity. Exploratory analyses suggested that higher fruit intake and adherence to a fruit-rich dietary pattern were associated with lower fecal calprotectin and CRP levels, whereas adherence to a vegetable-rich pattern was associated with better health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and adherence to a coffee\/sweetener-rich pattern was associated with a worse symptom burden. However, no associations between dietary metrics and inflammatory markers, cytokines, or clinical outcomes remained significant after FDR correction. Most participants were in clinical remission despite substantial impairment in HRQoL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adults with CD in Puerto Rico exhibited poor diet quality that was associated with gut microbial diversity and exploratory differences in clinical outcomes. While these findings support the influence of diet on the microbiome and clinical outcomes, larger longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether dietary improvements can influence disease outcomes this underrepresented population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izag161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T11:33:50Z","timestamp":1787052830000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diet quality, gut microbiome, and inflammatory signatures in Puerto Rican adults with Crohn disease: a multidimensional analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4670-3265","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lymarie M","family":"D\u00edaz-D\u00edaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Department of Microbiology, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, , Worcester, MA 01655,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5936-3600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lianeris","family":"Estremera-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, , San Juan, PR 00936-5067,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayra","family":"Rojas-Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Department of Microbiology, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, , Worcester, MA 01655,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda del Carmen","family":"Quintana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, , San Juan, PR 00936-5067,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilla","family":"Madziar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Department of Microbiology, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, , Worcester, MA 01655,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan C","family":"Hickey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Department of Microbiology, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, , Worcester, MA 01655,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5178-6478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Vargas Robles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Department of Microbiology, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, , Worcester, MA 01655,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshimarie","family":"M\u00e9ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, , San Juan, PR 00936-5067,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amanda","family":"Santiago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, , San Juan, PR 00936-5067,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Derick","family":"Bermudez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, , San Juan, PR 00936-5067,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Olendzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, , Worcester, MA 01655,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1276-0731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther A","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus Gastroenterology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, , San Juan, PR 00936-5067,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5967-9623","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Maldonado-Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School Department of Microbiology, Program of Microbiome Dynamics, , Worcester, MA 01655,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.advnut.2024.100219","article-title":"Diet, food, and nutritional exposures and inflammatory bowel disease or progression of disease: an umbrella review","volume":"15","author":"Christensen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-322670","article-title":"Long-term dietary patterns are associated with pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory features of the gut microbiome","volume":"70","author":"Bolte","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.07.050","article-title":"A prospective study of long-term intake of dietary fiber and risk of Crohn\u2019s disease and ulcerative colitis","volume":"145","author":"Ananthakrishnan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"942","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640619852532","article-title":"Health-related quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease in a Danish population-based inception cohort","volume":"7","author":"Christiansen","year":"2019","journal-title":"United European Gastroenterol J"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733433","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.733433","article-title":"Reducing disease activity of inflammatory bowel disease by consumption of plant-based foods and nutrients","volume":"8","author":"Antoniussen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Nutr"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjab219","article-title":"Western and carnivorous dietary patterns are associated with greater likelihood of IBD development in a large prospective population-based cohort","volume":"16","author":"Peters","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.04.021","article-title":"Crohn\u2019s disease exclusion diet plus partial enteral nutrition induces sustained remission in a randomized controlled trial","volume":"157","author":"Levine","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6595048","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/6595048","article-title":"Exclusive enteral nutrition versus infliximab in inducing therapy of pediatric Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"2017","author":"Luo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Res Pract"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12123749","article-title":"The specific carbohydrate diet and diet modification as induction therapy for pediatric Crohn\u2019s disease: a randomized diet controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"Suskind","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1475-2891-13-5","article-title":"An anti-inflammatory diet as treatment for inflammatory bowel disease: a case series report","volume":"13","author":"Olendzki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutr J"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000103","article-title":"Nutritional therapy in pediatric Crohn disease: the specific carbohydrate diet","volume":"58","author":"Suskind","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.05.047","article-title":"A randomized trial comparing the specific carbohydrate diet to a mediterranean diet in adults with Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"161","author":"Lewis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.04.006","article-title":"Dietary therapies induce rapid response and remission in pediatric patients with active Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"19","author":"Sigall Boneh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2457","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izae124","article-title":"Treatment of active Crohn\u2019s disease with exclusive enteral nutrition diminishes the immunostimulatory potential of fecal microbial products","volume":"30","author":"Kerbiriou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13114112","article-title":"Effectiveness of Crohn\u2019s disease exclusion diet for induction of remission in Crohn\u2019s disease adult patients","volume":"13","author":"Szczubelek","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2075","DOI":"10.2147\/JIR.S349502","article-title":"Adherence to the mediterranean diet improved clinical scores and inflammatory markers in children with active inflammatory bowel disease: a randomized trial","volume":"15","author":"El Amrousy","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Inflamm Res"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14214463","article-title":"Exclusive enteral nutrition exerts anti-inflammatory effects through modulating microbiota, bile acid metabolism, and immune activities","volume":"14","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8102589","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8102589","article-title":"Exclusive enteral nutrition induces remission in pediatric Crohn\u2019s disease via modulation of the gut microbiota","volume":"2017","author":"Gong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjac105","article-title":"Successful dietary therapy in paediatric Crohn\u2019s disease is associated with shifts in bacterial dysbiosis and inflammatory metabotype towards healthy controls","volume":"17","author":"Verburgt","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110542","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2019.06.023","article-title":"A randomized, 6-wk trial of a low FODMAP diet in patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"67-68","author":"Bodini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.7812\/TPP\/17-009","article-title":"Induction with infliximab and a plant-based diet as first-line (IPF) therapy for Crohn disease: a single-group trial","volume":"21","author":"Chiba","year":"2017","journal-title":"Perm J"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2046244","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2022.2046244","article-title":"Dietary manipulation of the gut microbiome in inflammatory bowel disease patients: Pilot study","volume":"14","author":"Olendzki","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2016.00979","article-title":"Bifidobacteria and butyrate-producing colon bacteria: importance and strategies for their stimulation in the human gut","volume":"7","author":"Riviere","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2013-304833","article-title":"A decrease of the butyrate-producing species Roseburia hominis and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii defines dysbiosis in patients with ulcerative colitis","volume":"63","author":"Machiels","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11450","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11734-8","article-title":"Butyrate-producing bacteria supplemented in vitro to Crohn\u2019s disease patient microbiota increased butyrate production and enhanced intestinal epithelial barrier integrity","volume":"7","author":"Geirnaert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2023","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000835","article-title":"Racial and ethnic minorities with inflammatory bowel disease in the United States: a systematic review of disease characteristics and differences","volume":"22","author":"Afzali","year":"2016","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1097\/00054725-200403000-00007","article-title":"Basic epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Puerto Rico","volume":"10","author":"Appleyard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B28","first-page":"253","article-title":"Prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in an insured population in Puerto Rico during 1996","volume":"22","author":"Torres","year":"2003","journal-title":"P R Health Sci J"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B29","first-page":"15","article-title":"Differences in prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Puerto Rico between commercial and government sponsored managed health care insured individuals","volume":"105","author":"Roberto Vendrell","year":"2013","journal-title":"Boletin M\u00e9dico-Cient\u00edfico de la Asociaci\u00f3n M\u00e9dica de Puerto Rico"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B30","first-page":"103","article-title":"Prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases in Puerto Rico: a health care claims analysis of an insured population","volume":"40","author":"Torres","year":"2021","journal-title":"P R Health Sci J"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.09.035","article-title":"Inclusion of under-represented racial and ethnic minorities in randomized clinical trials for inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"162","author":"Cohen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.06.004","article-title":"Breaking barriers in dietary research: strategies to diversify recruitment in clinical studies and develop culturally tailored diets for hispanic communities living with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"165","author":"Damas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conctc.2023.101162","article-title":"DietaAnti-Inflamatoria or DAIN: a Crohn\u2019s disease management strategy tailored for Puerto Ricans","volume":"34","author":"Rojas Correa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Trials Commun"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/88.2.324","article-title":"The US department of agriculture automated multiple-pass method reduces bias in the collection of energy intakes","volume":"88","author":"Moshfegh","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2020.04.018","article-title":"Associations between diet, the gut microbiome, and short-chain fatty acid production among older Caribbean Latino adults","volume":"120","author":"Maldonado-Contreras","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Acad Nutr Diet"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2011.300357","article-title":"Outcomes of a Latino community-based intervention for the prevention of diabetes: the Lawrence Latino Diabetes Prevention Project","volume":"102","author":"Ockene","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu10101486","article-title":"Substantial increase in compliance with saturated fatty acid intake recommendations after one year following the American heart association diet","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.111.157222","article-title":"Alternative dietary indices both strongly predict risk of chronic disease","volume":"142","author":"Chiuve","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.090688","article-title":"Associations of key diet-quality indexes with mortality in the multiethnic cohort: the dietary patterns methods project","volume":"101","author":"Harmon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2018.05.021","article-title":"Update of the healthy eating index: HEI-2015","volume":"118","author":"Krebs-Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Acad Nutr Diet"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2018.05.020","article-title":"Applications of the healthy eating index for surveillance, epidemiology, and intervention research: considerations and caveats","volume":"118","author":"Kirkpatrick","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Acad Nutr Diet"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.09.003","article-title":"Neo-traditional and industrialized dietary patterns coexist and are differentially associated with cardiometabolic health among adults in Puerto Rico","volume":"153","author":"Marrero","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.3.759","article-title":"Associations of empirically derived eating patterns with plasma lipid biomarkers: a comparison of factor and cluster analysis methods","volume":"80","author":"Newby","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B44","author":"Revelle","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B45","volume-title":"KneadData: Quality Control Tool for Metagenomic Data","author":"Lab","year":"2020"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3589","article-title":"MetaPhlAn2 for enhanced metagenomic taxonomic profiling","volume":"12","author":"Truong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Methods"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1633","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-023-01688-w","article-title":"Extending and improving metagenomic taxonomic profiling with uncharacterized species using MetaPhlAn 4","volume":"41","author":"Blanco-M\u00edguez","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B48","volume-title":"sgb_to_Gtdb_Profile.py \u2013 MetaPhlAn GTDB Taxonomy Conversion Script","author":"The Huttenhower Lab","year":"2022"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.21400","article-title":"Short CDAI: development and validation of a shortened and simplified Crohn\u2019s disease activity index","volume":"17","author":"Thia","year":"2011","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B50","first-page":"1571","article-title":"The short inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire: a quality of life instrument for community physicians managing inflammatory bowel disease. CCRPT Investigators. Canadian Crohn\u2019s relapse prevention trial","volume":"91","author":"Irvine","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S23","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1536-4801.1999.tb02834.x","article-title":"Development and subsequent refinement of the inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire: a quality-of-life instrument for adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"28","author":"Irvine","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e61217","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0061217","article-title":"phyloseq: an R package for reproducible interactive analysis and graphics of microbiome census data","volume":"8","author":"McMurdie","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118445112.stat07841","article-title":"Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA)","author":"Anderson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Wiley Statsref: statistics reference online"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B54","first-page":"719","article-title":"The vegan package","volume":"10","author":"Oksanen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Community Ecology Package"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutres.2023.07.011","article-title":"Self-reported engagement in healthy eating behaviors is associated with favorable dietary intake among adults in Puerto Rico","volume":"118","author":"Lopez-Cepero","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr Res"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11071598","article-title":"Dietary intake and its determinants among adults living in the metropolitan area of Puerto Rico","volume":"11","author":"Mattei","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n1554","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1554","article-title":"Association of ultra-processed food intake with risk of inflammatory bowel disease: prospective cohort study","volume":"374","author":"Narula","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2025.103353","article-title":"Impact of diet on inflammatory bowel disease risk: systematic review, meta-analyses and implications for prevention","volume":"86","author":"Meyer","year":"2025","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1627","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izab335","article-title":"Dietary patterns and their association with symptoms activity in inflammatory bowel diseases","volume":"28","author":"Limketkai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Inflamm Bowel Dis"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-024-03809-x","article-title":"Healthy eating patterns associated with reduced risk of inflammatory bowel disease by lowering low-grade inflammation: evidence from a large prospective cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Xia","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Med"},{"key":"2026082611573846200_izag161-B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7033","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-64024-1","article-title":"Dietary patterns associated to clinical aspects in Crohn\u2019s disease patients","volume":"10","author":"de Castro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"}],"container-title":["Inflammatory Bowel Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ibd\/izag161\/70806070\/izag161.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ibd\/izag161\/70806070\/izag161.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:57:42Z","timestamp":1787759862000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ibdjournal\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/ibd\/izag161\/8771191"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"references-count":61,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ibd\/izag161","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-0998","1536-4844"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-0998","type":"print"},{"value":"1536-4844","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]]},"article-number":"izag161"}}