{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:51:06Z","timestamp":1791229866000,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Korean government","award":["RS-2023-00227939"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00227939"]}]},{"name":"Korean government","award":["NRF-2022R1F1A1076019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2022R1F1A1076019"]}]},{"name":"Seoul National University Hospital Research Fund","award":["26-2021-0060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26-2021-0060"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01z4nnt86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Seoul National University Hospital Research Fund","award":["04-2024-0370"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04-2024-0370"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01z4nnt86","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Jeonbuk National University","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05q92br09","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases","award":["2024-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00wcwkf45","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015098","name":"Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["04-2025-0006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["04-2025-0006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015098","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are heterogeneous disorders in which gut microbial dysbiosis may influence disease activity and clinical outcomes. However, it remains unclear whether microbiome-based stratification identifies clinically relevant IBD subtypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We profiled the gut microbiome of a cohort comprising patients with IBD (n\u2009=\u2009260), at-risk individuals (n\u2009=\u2009166), and healthy control individuals (n\u2009=\u200957) using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Unsupervised clustering was used to define gut microbial enterotypes. Associations with clinical characteristics and outcomes, including fecal calprotectin levels and medication step-up, were evaluated. Statistical and machine learning approaches were applied to identify enterotype-specific microbial signatures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Four enterotypes were identified and labeled according to their most discriminative genera: Faecalibacterium and Blautia, Prevotella, Phocaeicola, and Bifidobacterium with reduced Faecalibacterium (Bif\u2009+\u2009Faec-low). Faecalibacterium and Blautia and Prevotella were enriched in healthy control individuals, Phocaeicola was enriched in at-risk individuals, and Bif\u2009+\u2009Faec-low was enriched in patients with IBD. The Bif\u2009+\u2009Faec-low enterotype was associated with lower body mass index, higher fecal calprotectin levels, and an increased risk of medication step-up (hazard ratio, 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-2.66). Microbial composition and network analyses identified distinct enterotype-specific taxa and hub genera, suggesting functional divergence among enterotypes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gut microbial enterotypes are associated with distinct clinical phenotypes and treatment escalation in IBD, and exhibit enterotype-specific microbial community structures and alterations across disease states. Enterotype-based stratification may provide a clinically relevant framework for assessing risk assessment and guiding personalized disease management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izag176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T12:50:53Z","timestamp":1786798253000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Enterotype-based stratification identifies clinically distinct microbial subtypes in inflammatory bowel disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1273-0740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seungpyo","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology, Jeonbuk National University , Jeonju, 54896,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Jeonbuk National University , Jeonju, 54896,","place":["Republic of 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Kyoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul, 03080,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5580-8427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoo Min","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Healthcare Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center , Seoul, 06236,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8624-2582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jun Won","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul, 03080,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2764-9339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyun Jung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul 03080,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1338-654X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyunsun","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine , Seoul 03080,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2501-7672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong 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