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Data were extracted from electronic patient records.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The follow-up was median 4.7\u2009years (range 1\u2009day to 12.3\u2009years). Altogether 56 patients received PPI postoperatively, with the median 507\u2009days from the operation (range 6\u2009days to 10.0\u2009years). The PPI indications were atrioventricular block (31 patients, 55%) and sick sinus syndrome (21 patients, 37.5%). For 4 patients, the PPI indication remained unknown. A competing risks regression analysis (Fine\u2013Gray method), adjusted with age, sex, diabetes, coronary artery disease, preoperative atrial fibrillation (AF), left ventricular ejection fraction, New York Heart Association class, AF at discharge and urgency of operation, was used to assess risk factors for PPI. Only AF at discharge (subdistribution hazard ratio 4.34, 95% confidence interval 2.34\u20138.03) was a predictor for a PPI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Though atrioventricular block is the major indication for PPI after surgical aortic valve replacement, &amp;gt;30% of PPIs are implanted due to sick sinus syndrome during both short-term follow-up and long-term follow-up. Postoperative AF versus sinus rhythm conveys &amp;gt;4-fold risk of PPI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Clinical trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT02626871<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivaa119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,11]],"date-time":"2020-06-11T19:11:03Z","timestamp":1591902663000},"page":"398-404","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Indications and predictors for pacemaker implantation after isolated aortic valve replacement with bioprostheses: the CAREAVR study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6776-1504","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuli J","family":"Salmi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tuomo","family":"Nieminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, South Karelia Central Hospital, Lappeenranta, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0847-107X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juha","family":"Hartikainen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5028-8186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fausto","family":"Biancari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6420-8607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joonas","family":"Lehto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maunu","family":"Nissinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Malmberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heart Center, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Yannopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, 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