{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T04:56:47Z","timestamp":1780635407040,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>\u2002<\/jats:title>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Stent migration is a common complication of airway stent placement for upper tracheal stenosis and tracheoesophageal fistula. Although several researchers have reported that external fixation is effective in preventing stent migration, the usefulness and safety of external fixation have not been proved because their cohorts were small. We therefore investigated the efficacy and safety of external fixation during upper tracheal stenting.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Records of patients who underwent airway stent placement from May 2007 to August 2018 in a single centre were retrospectively reviewed. We included only patients whose stent had been placed in the upper trachea with external fixation to the tracheal wall. The primary endpoint of this study was the rate of stent migration.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Altogether, 51 procedures were performed in 45 patients (32 males, 13 females; median age 60\u2009years, range 14\u201391\u2009years). The median follow-up period was 9\u2009months (range 0.3\u201390\u2009months). Among the procedures, 15 were performed for benign disease and 36 for malignancy. Stents were composed of either silicone (n\u2009=\u200942) or metal (n\u2009=\u20099). Stent migration occurred in 3 (6%) patients. The stents with migration were all composed of silicone. Other sequelae were granulation tissue formation in 10 (20%) patients, sputum obstruction in 6 (12%), cellulitis in 3 (6%) and pneumonia in 1 (2%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>External fixation was an effective method for preventing migration of airway stents placed for upper tracheal stenosis and tracheoesophageal fistula. The complications were acceptable in terms of safety.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivab098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,26]],"date-time":"2021-03-26T12:09:14Z","timestamp":1616760554000},"page":"442-447","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["External fixation of airway stents for upper tracheal stenosis and tracheoesophageal fistula"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7551-1049","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideyuki","family":"Niwa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6302-4534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahide","family":"Oki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideo","family":"Saka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1501-6307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atsushi","family":"Torii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arisa","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumie","family":"Shigematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akane","family":"Ishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihito","family":"Kogure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031517065836400_ivab098-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-1526","article-title":"Therapeutic bronchoscopy for malignant central airway obstruction: success rates and impact on dyspnea and quality of life","volume":"147","author":"Ost","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2022031517065836400_ivab098-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1067\/mtc.2000.110383","article-title":"The role of silicone stents in the treatment cicatricial tracheal stenoses","volume":"120","author":"Puma","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"},{"key":"2022031517065836400_ivab098-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resinv.2018.09.002","article-title":"Fully covered self-expandable metallic stents for malignant airway disorders","volume":"57","author":"Ishida","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respir Investig"},{"key":"2022031517065836400_ivab098-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-016-5162-9","article-title":"Individualized airway-covered stent implantation therapy for thoracogastric airway fistula after esophagectomy","volume":"31","author":"Han","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Endosc"},{"key":"2022031517065836400_ivab098-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.115.2.532","article-title":"Screw-thread vs Dumon endoprothesis in the management of tracheal stenosis","volume":"115","author":"Noppen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2022031517065836400_ivab098-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.109.3.626","article-title":"Silicone stents in the management of benign tracheobronchial stenoses. 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