{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T03:33:53Z","timestamp":1783481633488,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]],"date-time":"2022-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644451200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Royal Thai Government Scholarship"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FS\/12\/61\/29877"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FS\/12\/61\/29877"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000274","name":"British Heart Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PG\/16\/107\/32681"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PG\/16\/107\/32681"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000274","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Jillian Madine and Mark Field"},{"name":"Royal Academy of Engineering\/Leverhulme Trust","award":["LTSRF1617\/13\/76"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LTSRF1617\/13\/76"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p\/>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The transition of aortic dissection from acute to chronic is poorly understood. We examined time-dependent mechanical behaviour and biochemical properties of chronic dissection tissues.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Aorta samples were obtained from 14 patients with mixed aetiology who were undergoing elective surgery for chronic dissected aneurysms, ranging from 3\u2009months to 15\u2009years post-dissection. The tissue elastic modulus and tissue deformation following application of loading for 5\u2009h were measured for the false lumen (FL), true lumen (TL) and flap (FP) tissues with a custom-indentation technique. Collagen, elastin and glycosaminoglycan levels were determined with established biochemical assays. Elastin fragmentation was graded from histological sections. The number of tissues characterized was as follows: FP (n\u2009=\u200910), TL (n\u2009=\u20095 for biomechanical testing, n\u2009=\u20098 for biochemical analysis, n\u2009=\u20098 for histological assessment) and FL (n\u2009=\u20094).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Tissues stiffness was highest in FP [59.8 (14.8) kPa] as compared with TL [50.7 (6.2) kPa] and FL [40.5 (4.7) kPa] (P\u2009=\u20090.023 and P\u2009=\u20090.006, respectively). FP [0.5 (0.08) mm] also exhibited reduced deformation relative to TL [0.7 (0.02) mm] and FL [0.9 (0.08) mm] (P\u2009=\u20090.003 and P\u2009=\u20090.006, respectively), lowest collagen concentration [FP: 40.1 (19.6) \u00b5g\/mg, TL: 59.9 (19.5) \u00b5g\/mg, P\u2009=\u20090.008; FL: 79.1 (32.0) \u00b5g\/mg, P\u2009=\u20090.006] and the lowest collagen: elastin ratio [0.4 (0.1)] relative to the other tissues [TL; 0.6 (0.3), P\u2009=\u20090.006, FL; 1.5 (0.4); P\u2009=\u20090.003]. Significant elastin loss was evident in the FL-stained tissue sections whereas highly aligned, long fibres were visible in the FP and TL. A linear relationship was found between the stiffness, deformation and the time from the dissection event to surgical intervention for the FP. All data are presented as median (interquartile range).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>FP exhibited reduced time-dependent deformation and distinct biochemical properties relative to TL and FL irrespective of connective tissue disorder or the anatomical region of the dissection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivac029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T20:13:23Z","timestamp":1643141603000},"page":"892-901","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Time-dependent mechanical behaviour of the aortic chronic dissection flap"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Phakakorn","family":"Panpho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Science and Technology, Pibulsongkram Rajabhat University, Phitsanulok, Thailand"},{"name":"Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah A","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar","family":"Nawaytou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, UK"},{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, 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Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, UK"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7963-6874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riaz","family":"Akhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK"},{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022050515311031400_ivac029-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2873","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehu281","article-title":"ESC Guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of aortic diseases: document 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