{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:53:18Z","timestamp":1753876398035,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p\/>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVES<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Studies in animals have shown causal relationships between copper (Cu) deficiency and the development of thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) [1, 2]. Cu deficiency is widespread in New Zealand (NZ) soils; the high soil pH from the use of lime fertilizers reduces the bioavailability of Cu for grazing animals and growing plants; this, in turn, reduces Cu availability in the NZ human food chain. Our study is a pilot study to explore associations between Cu and TAA. We measured Cu levels in aneurysmal aortic tissues in patients undergoing Bentall procedures and non-aneurysmal aortic tissue from coronary artery bypass graft patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Aortic samples were collected from 2 groups of patients during elective open-heart surgery over 4 months between November 2017 and February 2018. The groups were a TAA group, patients with non-syndromic aortic aneurysm and without the bicuspid aortic valve or known infectious or inflammatory condition (ANEURYSM; n\u2009=\u200913), and a control coronary artery bypass graft group (CONTROL; n\u2009=\u200944). Standardized digested dry tissue weighed samples were analysed from both groups. Tissue extraction of trace elements was carried out using HCl-H2O2 digestion and a highly sensitive analytical technique, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry\u2014used to measure elemental concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cu concentration (mean \u00b1 SD) was significantly lower in ANEURYSM (3.34\u2009\u00b1\u20090.16 \u00b5g\/g) when compared to the CONTROL group tissues (4.33\u2009\u00b1\u20090.20 \u00b5g\/g) (dry weight; mean \u00b1 SD; Student's t-test, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Over 46% of the Aneurysm patients were Maori and live in a geographically Cu-deficient NZ territory.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Cu deficiency may play a role in the development or progression of non-syndromic ascending aortic aneurysms in NZ. Maori patients are more at risk as they commonly live in rural NZ, dependent on locally grown nutritional sources. Further studies are required to confirm this exciting finding and to establish cause and effect relationship.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/icvts\/ivac235","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T18:08:54Z","timestamp":1662401334000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Low copper levels measured in the aortic wall of New Zealand patients with non-syndromic ascending thoracic aortic aneurysm"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3414-8436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam","family":"El-Gamel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland University , Auckland, New Zealand"},{"name":"Science and Engineering, University of Waikato , Hamilton, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josephenine","family":"Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellington General Hospital , Wellington, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Bird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Engineering, University of Waikato , Hamilton, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan N C","family":"Grainger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Engineering, University of Waikato , Hamilton, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory M","family":"Jacobson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science and Engineering, University of Waikato , Hamilton, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9150(98)00130-0","article-title":"Inhibition of cross-links in collagen is associated with reduced stiffness of the aorta in young rats","volume":"140","author":"Br\u00fcel","year":"1998","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B2","first-page":"244","article-title":"[Aortic rupture in poultry: a review]","volume":"124","author":"van Veen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Tijdschr Diergeneeskd"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlw020","article-title":"Experimental induction of cerebral aneurysms by developmental low copper diet","volume":"75","author":"Jung","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.6.1.98","article-title":"Induction of increased collagen and elastin biosynthesis in copper-deficient pig aorta","volume":"6","author":"Hill","year":"1986","journal-title":"Arteriosclerosis"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2014.10.006","article-title":"Bone marrow from blotchy mice is dispensable to regulate blood copper and aortic pathologies but required for inflammatory mediator production in LDLR-deficient mice during chronic angiotensin II infusion","volume":"29","author":"Harris","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Vasc Surg"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2013-305130","article-title":"The genetic basis for aortic aneurysmal disease","volume":"100","author":"Saratzis","year":"2014","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2008.01.004","article-title":"Thoracic aortic aneurysm: reading the enemy's playbook","volume":"33","author":"Elefteriades","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Probl Cardiol"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1678","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2014-306381","article-title":"The genetic architecture of non-syndromic thoracic aortic aneurysm","volume":"101","author":"Luyckx","year":"2015","journal-title":"Heart"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1586\/14779072.6.2.235","article-title":"Bicuspid aortic valve: clinical approach and scientific review of a common clinical entity","volume":"6","author":"Friedman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-6430-7_39","article-title":"TGF-beta1- and CCN2-stimulated sirius red assay for collagen accumulation in cultured cells","volume":"1489","author":"Trackman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Methods Mol Biol"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000038109.84500.1E","article-title":"Inactivation of the lysyl oxidase gene Lox leads to aortic aneurysms, cardiovascular dysfunction, and perinatal death in mice","volume":"106","author":"Maki","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/s12079-017-0424-4","article-title":"Functional importance of lysyl oxidase family propeptide regions","volume":"12","author":"Trackman","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Cell Commun Signal"},{"year":"2008","author":"Clark","key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B13"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B14","first-page":"111","article-title":"Concentration of copper, zinc, chromium, iron and nickel in the abdominal aorta of patients deceased with coronary heart disease","volume":"8","author":"Vlad","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Trace Elem Electrolytes Health Dis"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2021.06.003","article-title":"Thoracic aortic aneurysm: a clinical review","volume":"39","author":"Senser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cardiol Clin"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E43","DOI":"10.1002\/ccd.22537","article-title":"2010 ACCF\/AHA\/AATS\/ACR\/ASA\/SCA\/SCAI\/SIR\/STS\/SVM guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with thoracic aortic disease: executive summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation\/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines, American Association for Thoracic Surgery, American College of Radiology, American Stroke Association, Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of Thoracic Surgeons, and Society for Vascular Medicine","volume":"76","author":"Hiratzka","year":"2010","journal-title":"Catheter Cardiovasc Interv"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hlc.2019.05.153","article-title":"Ethnic comparisons of type A aortic dissection presentation and outcomes","volume":"28","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Heart Lung Circ"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000064372.78561.A5","article-title":"Elastogenesis in human arterial disease: a role for macrophages in disordered elastin synthesis","volume":"23","author":"Krettek","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1432-1327.1998.2580001.x","article-title":"Biochemistry of tropoelastin","volume":"258","author":"Vrhovski","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Biochem"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3109\/07853890109002055","article-title":"Collagens and collagen-related diseases","volume":"33","author":"Myllyharju","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.108.180760","article-title":"Reduced collagen biosynthesis is the hallmark of cerebral aneurysm: contribution of interleukin-1 beta and nuclear factor-kappaB","volume":"29","author":"Aoki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28936","article-title":"Lipid and copper metabolism in humans with Wilson disease: enigmatic relationship","volume":"65","author":"Sintusek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-015-0432-2","article-title":"Trace element changes in thoracic aortic dissection","volume":"169","author":"Edvinsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B24","first-page":"304","article-title":"Copper and zinc concentrations of abdominal aorta and liver in patients with infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm or aortoiliacal occlusive disease","volume":"83","author":"Jaakkola","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann Chir Gynaecol"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B25","first-page":"526","article-title":"Treatment of Wilson's disease with zinc: III. Prevention of reaccumulation of hepatic copper","volume":"109","author":"Brewer","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"},{"key":"2022092120530198000_ivac235-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOCI.0000019782.67993.0b","article-title":"The autoantibody repertoire against copper- or macrophage-modified LDL differs in normolipidemics and hypercholesterolemic patients","volume":"24","author":"Fernvik","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Immunol"}],"container-title":["Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/icvts\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/icvts\/ivac235\/45699215\/ivac235.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/icvts\/article-pdf\/35\/4\/ivac235\/45960491\/ivac235.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/icvts\/article-pdf\/35\/4\/ivac235\/45960491\/ivac235.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,21]],"date-time":"2022-09-21T21:18:12Z","timestamp":1663795092000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/icvts\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/icvts\/ivac235\/6692428"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,9]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/icvts\/ivac235","relation":{},"ISSN":["1569-9285"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1569-9285"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"article-number":"ivac235"}}