{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T01:33:15Z","timestamp":1792027995572,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/31.6.1139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,22]],"date-time":"2003-01-22T20:03:06Z","timestamp":1043265786000},"page":"1139-1144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":243,"title":["A simple statistical method for measuring how life events affect happiness"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Andrew E","family":"Clark","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J","family":"Oswald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R1","unstructured":"Veblen T. The Theory of the Leisure Class. New York: Macmillan, 1899."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R2","unstructured":"Duesenberry JS. Income, Saving and the Theory of Consumer Behaviour. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1974."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oswald AJ. Happiness and economic performance. Economic Journal1997;107:1815\u201331.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-0297.1997.tb00085.x"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Palmore E. Predicting longevity: a follow-up controlling for age. J Gerontol1969;39:109\u201316.","DOI":"10.1093\/geronj\/39.1.109"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sales SM, House J. Job dissatisfaction as a possible risk factor in coronary heart disease. J Chron Dis1971;23:861\u201373.","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(71)90015-4"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Freeman RB. Job satisfaction as an economic variable. American Economic Review1978;68:135\u201341.","DOI":"10.3386\/w0225"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akerlof GA, Rose AK, Yellen JL. Job switching and job satisfaction in the US labor market. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity1988;2: 495\u2013582.","DOI":"10.2307\/2534536"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clark AE. What really matters in a job? Hedonic measurement using quit data. Labour Economics2001;8:223\u201342.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0927-5371(01)00031-8"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clegg CW. Psychology of employee lateness, absence and turnover: a methodological critique and an empirical study. J Appl Psychol1983; 68:88\u2013101.","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-9010.68.1.88"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mangione TW, Quinn RP. Job satisfaction, counter-productive behaviour and drug use at work. J Appl Psychol1975;60:114\u201316.","DOI":"10.1037\/h0076355"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R11","unstructured":"Clark AE. Unemployment as a social norm: psychological evidence from panel data. Journal of Labor Economics forthcoming. http:\/\/www.delta.ens.fr\/abstracts\/wp200117.pdf"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clark AE. Job satisfaction in Britain. British Journal of Industrial Relations1996;34:189\u2013217.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8543.1996.tb00648.x"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R13","unstructured":"Blanchflower DG, Oswald AJ, Warr PB. Well-being over Time in Britain and the USA. Paper presented at London School of Economics Happiness Conference, 1993."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Blanchflower DG, Oswald AJ. Well-being over Time in Britain and the USA. Unpublished paper, Dartmouth College, USA, 1999. http:\/\/www.dartmouth.edu\/~blnchflr\/papers\/Wellbeingnew.pdf","DOI":"10.3386\/w7487"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R15","unstructured":"van Praag B, Baarsma B. The Shadow Price of Aircraft Noise Nuisance. Tinbergen Institute, Discussion Paper TI 2000\u201304\/3 2000. http:\/\/www.fee.uva.nl\/fo\/bvp\/sp.pdf"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clark AE, Oswald AJ. Unhappiness and unemployment. Economic Journal1994;104:648\u201359.","DOI":"10.2307\/2234639"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winkelmann L, Winkelmann R. Why are the unemployed so unhappy? Evidence from Panel Data. Economica1998;65:1\u201315.","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0335.00111"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R18","unstructured":"Veenhoven R. Does happiness bind? Marriage chances of the unhappy. In: Veenhoven R (ed.). How Harmful is Happiness? Rotterdam: Universitaire Pers Rotterdam, 1989."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R19","unstructured":"Easterlin R. Does economic growth improve the human lot? In: David PA, Melvin WB (eds). Nations and Households in Economic Growth. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press, 1974."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R20","unstructured":"Hagerty M, Veenhoven R. Wealth and Happiness Revisited. Growing Wealth of Nations does go with Greater Happiness. University of California-Davis, mimeo 2001. http:\/\/faculty.gsm.ucdavis.edu\/~mrhagert\/Papers\/easterlinreply.pdf"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Veenhoven R. National wealth and individual happiness. In: Grunert K, Olander M (eds). Understanding Economic Behavior. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1989.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-94-009-2470-3_2"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Praag B, Kapteyn A. Further evidence on the individual welfare function of income: an empirical investigation in the Netherlands. European Economic Review1973;4:33\u201362.","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2921(73)90029-9"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R23","unstructured":"Hagenaars AJ. The Perception of Poverty. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1986."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clark AE, Oswald AJ. Satisfaction and comparison income. Journal of Public Economics1996;61:359\u201381.","DOI":"10.1016\/0047-2727(95)01564-7"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clark AE. L\u2019utilit\u00e9 est-elle relative? Analyse \u00e0 l\u2019aide de donn\u00e9es sur les m\u00e9nages. Economie et Pr\u00e9vision1996;121:151\u201364.","DOI":"10.3406\/ecop.1995.5769"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clark AE. Are wages habit-forming? Evidence from micro data. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization1999;39:179\u2013200.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-2681(99)00031-1"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170712065510_R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Di Tella R, MacCulloch R, Oswald A. Preferences over inflation and unemployment: evidence from surveys of happiness. American Economic Review2001;91:335\u201341.","DOI":"10.1257\/aer.91.1.335"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ije\/article-pdf\/31\/6\/1139\/18524583\/311139.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T02:27:50Z","timestamp":1583980070000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ije\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1093\/ije\/31.6.1139"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/31.6.1139","relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-3685","0300-5771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-3685","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0300-5771","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,12]]}}}