{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T00:33:03Z","timestamp":1778286783294,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]],"date-time":"2021-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"the\u00a0Lundbeck Foundation","award":["R248-2017\u2013521"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R248-2017\u2013521"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The birth of a child affected by a threatened abortion (TAB) in utero is associated with autism spectrum disorder; association with other neurological disorders is unknown.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This nationwide registry-based cohort study included singletons live-born in Denmark (1979\u20132010), followed through 2016. The outcomes were epilepsy, cerebral palsy (CP) and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We used Cox regression to compute hazard ratios (HRs), adjusted for birth year, birth order, parental age, morbidity, medication use and maternal socio-economic factors. To remove time-invariant family-shared confounding, we applied sibling analyses.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study population included 1\u00a0864\u00a0221 singletons live-born in 1979\u20132010. Among the TAB-affected children (N\u2009=\u200959\u00a0134) vs TAB-unaffected children, at the end of follow-up, the cumulative incidence was 2.2% vs 1.6% for epilepsy, 0.4% vs 0.2% for CP and 5.5% vs 4.2% for ADHD (for children born in 1995\u20132010). The adjusted HRs were 1.25 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.16\u20131.34] for epilepsy, 1.42 (95% CI 1.20\u20131.68) for CP and 1.21 (95% CI 1.14\u20131.29) for ADHD. In the sibling design, the adjusted HRs were unity for epilepsy (full siblings: 0.96, 95% CI 0.82\u20131.12; maternal: 1.04, 95% CI 0.90\u20131.20; paternal: 1.08, 95% CI 0.93\u20131.25) and ADHD (full: 1.08, 95% CI 0.92\u20131.27; maternal: 1.04, 95% CI 0.90\u20131.20; paternal: 1.08, 95% CI 0.93\u20131.25). For CP, HRs shifted away from unity among sibling pairs (full: 2.92, 95% CI 1.33\u20136.39; maternal: 2.03, 95% CI 1.15\u20133.57; paternal: 3.28, 95% CI 1.36\u20137.91).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The birth of a child affected by TAB in utero was associated with a greater risk of CP, but not epilepsy or ADHD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyab069","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,15]],"date-time":"2021-03-15T12:10:11Z","timestamp":1615810211000},"page":"1540-1553","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Long-term risk of epilepsy, cerebral palsy and attention-deficit\/hyperactivity disorder in children affected by a threatened abortion <i>in utero<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4238-049X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Dudukina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erzs\u00e9bet","family":"Horv\u00e1th-Puh\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrik Toft","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University\u2002 Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vera","family":"Ehrenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022041913014259100_dyab069-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2009.02427.x","article-title":"Maternal and perinatal outcome in women with threatened miscarriage in the first trimester: a systematic review","volume":"117","author":"Saraswat","year":"2010","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"2022041913014259100_dyab069-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115195","article-title":"Gestational vaginal bleeding and pregnancy outcome","volume":"129","author":"Strobino","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2022041913014259100_dyab069-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh277","article-title":"Obesity is associated with increased risk of first 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