{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:34:30Z","timestamp":1792035270543,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]],"date-time":"2021-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008459","name":"University of Calgary","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008459","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We studied the impact of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure due to a remote wildfire event in the Pacific Northwest on daily outpatient respiratory and cardiovascular physician visits during wildfire (24-31 August, 2015) and post-wildfire period (1-30 September, 2015) relative to the pre-wildfire period (1-23 August, 2015) in the city of Calgary, Canada.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A quasi-Poisson regression model was used for modelling daily counts of physician visits due to PM2.5 while adjusting for day of the week (weekday versus weekend or public holiday), wildfire exposure period (before, during, after), methane, relative humidity, and wind direction. A subgroup analysis of those with pre-existing diabetes or hypertension was performed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An elevated risk of respiratory disease morbidity of 33% (relative risk: RR) [95% confidence interval (CI): 10%\u201359%] and 55% (95% CI: 42%\u201369%) was observed per 10\u00b5g\/m3 increase in PM2.5 level during and after wildfire, respectively, relative to the pre-wildfire time period. Increased risk was observed for children aged 0\u20139\u2009years during (RR = 1.57, 95% CI: 1.21\u20132.02) and after the wildfire (RR = 2.11, 95% CI: 1.86\u20132.40) especially for asthma, acute bronchitis and acute respiratory infection. The risk of physician visits among seniors increased by 11% (95% CI: 3%\u201321%), and 19% (95% CI: 7%\u201333%) post-wildfire for congestive heart failure and ischaemic heart disease, respectively. Individuals with pre-existing diabetes had an increased risk of both respiratory and cardiovascular morbidity in the post-wildfire period (RR = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.09\u20131.67; RR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01\u20131.46, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Wildfire-related PM2.5 exposure led to increased respiratory condition-related outpatient physician visits during and after wildfires, particularly for children. An increased risk of physician visits for congestive heart failure and ischaemic heart disease among seniors in the post-wildfire period was also observed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyab206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T19:37:47Z","timestamp":1631129867000},"page":"166-178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Respiratory and cardiovascular condition-related physician visits associated with wildfire smoke exposure in Calgary, Canada, in 2015: a population-based study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"M D","family":"Mahsin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Innovation\u2014Provincial Population and Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Cabaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Provincial Population and Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences and O\u2019Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vineet","family":"Saini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Innovation\u2014Provincial Population and Public Health, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences and O\u2019Brien Institute for Public Health, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022021817293328600_dyab206-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1128834","article-title":"Warming and earlier spring increase Western U.S. forest wildfire 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