{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T20:56:05Z","timestamp":1791665765632,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]],"date-time":"2022-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Very few recent nationwide studies have assessed the epidemiology of cleft lip with or without palate (CL\/P). The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence, risk of premature births, mortality and cause of death of CL\/P.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This nationwide population-based cohort study evaluated all 5\u2009747\u2009830 live births in South Korea, including CL\/P infants, from 2006 to 2018. The prevalence with trend analysis, risk of premature births, mortality and cause of death of CL\/P with or without associated syndromes (non-syndromic, syndromic CL\/P) and subgroups (cleft lip only, cleft palate only, cleft lip with palate) were evaluated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 5\u2009747\u2009830 live births, 11\u2009284 children were identified as having CL\/P during the study period. The annual prevalence was 1.96 per 1000 births. The prevalence ratio, which shows the trend during the period, was 1.021. Both non-syndromic and syndromic CL\/P children had higher risk of premature births compared with children without CL\/P (odds ratio: non-syndromic 1.43, syndromic 5.29). The mortality rates per 1000 person-years were 0.39 for children without CL\/P, 0.98 for non-syndromic CL\/P children and 12.20 for syndromic CL\/P children. The causes of deaths were not different for children without CL\/P in non-syndromic CL\/P, but the most common cause of deaths was cardiovascular anomalies in syndromic CL\/P.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The reported prevalence of 1.96 per 1000 births is one of the highest prevalences worldwide. CL\/P children had high risks of premature births and risk of mortality. The most common cause of deaths was cardiovascular anomalies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyac019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T12:10:51Z","timestamp":1643285451000},"page":"974-983","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["The prevalence, risk of premature births, mortality and causes of death of cleft lip with or without palate in South Korea: a nationwide population-based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2812-5051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeong Yeop","family":"Ryu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University , Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0373-9156","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae 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