{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T20:39:10Z","timestamp":1772138350071,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1647907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["APP1144570"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1144570"]}]},{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["APP1142638"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1142638"]}]},{"name":"Western Pacific Regional Office of the World Health Organization"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,13]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Ambitious population-based screening programmes for latent and active tuberculosis (TB) were implemented in the Republic of the Marshall Islands in 2017 and 2018.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n We used a transmission dynamic model of TB informed by local data to capture the Marshall Islands epidemic\u2019s historical dynamics. We then used the model to project the future epidemic trajectory following the active screening interventions, as well as considering a counterfactual scenario with no intervention. We also simulated future scenarios including periodic interventions similar to those previously implemented, to assess their ability to reach the End TB Strategy targets and TB pre-elimination in the Marshall Islands.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n The screening activities conducted in 2017 and 2018 were estimated to have reduced TB incidence and mortality by around one-third in 2020, and are predicted to achieve the End TB Strategy milestone of 50% incidence reduction by 2025 compared with 2015. Screening interventions had a considerably greater impact when latent TB screening and treatment were included, compared with active case finding alone. Such combined programmes implemented at the national level could achieve TB pre-elimination around 2040 if repeated every 2 years.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Our model suggests that it would be possible to achieve TB pre-elimination by 2040 in the Marshall Islands through frequent repetition of the same interventions as those already implemented in the country. It also highlights the importance of including latent infection testing in active screening activities.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyac045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,2]],"date-time":"2022-03-02T07:08:12Z","timestamp":1646204892000},"page":"1433-1445","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Estimating the long-term effects of mass screening for latent and active tuberculosis in the Marshall Islands"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8520-2362","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Romain","family":"Ragonnet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bridget M","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Largen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hawaii Department of Health, Tuberculosis Control Branch , Honolulu, HI, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Joaquin","family":"Nasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Human Services , Majuro, Marshall Islands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Jack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Human Services , Majuro, Marshall Islands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mailynn K","family":"Langinlur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ministry of Health and Human Services , Majuro, Marshall Islands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eunyoung","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"WHO Country Liaison Office, Micronesia, Department of Health and Social Affairs , Palikir, Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kalpeshsinh","family":"Rahevar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific (WHO WPRO) , Manila, Philippines"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tauhid","family":"Islam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific (WHO WPRO) , Manila, Philippines"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin T","family":"Denholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Tuberculosis Program, Royal Melbourne Hospital , Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben J","family":"Marais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases (Sydney ID) and the WHO Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guy B","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South Western Sydney Clinical School, University of New South Wales , Liverpool, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma S","family":"McBryde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University , Douglas, QLD, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James M","family":"Trauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and 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