{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:44:54Z","timestamp":1791247494176,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]],"date-time":"2023-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003554","name":"Lundbeck Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R264-2017\u20133099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R264-2017\u20133099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003554","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001160","name":"Health Effects Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001160","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000139","name":"Environmental Protection Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CR-83590201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CR-83590201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000139","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"EU\u2019s Horizon 2020","award":["733206"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["733206"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early-life animal exposure has been associated with both protective and harmful effects on asthma and allergic disease. We aimed to explore factors that may modify associations of early-life animal exposure with asthma and allergic disease, so as to better understand these differences in findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We used data from \u226484\u200a478 children from the Danish National Birth Cohort recruited during pregnancy between 1996 and 2002, and linked registry data up to the child\u2019s 13th birthday. Adjusted Cox models were used to examine associations of early-life cat, dog, rabbit, rodent, bird and livestock exposure with atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis overall, and by source of exposure (domestic or occupation), parental history of asthma or allergy, maternal education level and timing of exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, associations between animal exposure and the three outcomes of interest were weak. However, dog exposure was associated with marginally lower risk of atopic dermatitis and asthma [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR)\u2009=\u20090.81, 95% CI: 0.70\u20130.94 and 0.88, 95% CI: 0.82\u20130.94, respectively], whereas prenatal domestic bird exposure was associated with slightly increased risk of asthma (aHR\u2009=\u20091.18, 95% CI: 1.05\u20131.32). Source of exposure, parental history of asthma or allergy and timing of exposure modified associations. Early-life animal exposure did not appear to increase the risk of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (aHR range\u2009=\u20090.88, 95% CI: 0.81\u20130.95 to 1.00, 95% CI: 0.91\u20131.10).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall weak associations observed between animal exposure and atopic dermatitis, asthma and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis were modified by type of animal, source of exposure, parental history of asthma or allergy and timing of exposure, suggesting that these factors should be considered when assessing the risks associated with early-life animal exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyad040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,16]],"date-time":"2023-03-16T18:39:31Z","timestamp":1678991971000},"page":"1231-1242","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["The influence of 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UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Pedersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne-Marie","family":"Nybo Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023080222384454200_dyad040-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1080\/1744666X.2020.1816825","article-title":"Atopic phenotypes and their implication in the atopic march","volume":"16","author":"Custovic","year":"2020","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin 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