{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T13:15:05Z","timestamp":1776950105764,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,1]],"date-time":"2023-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001801","name":"University of Western Australia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001801","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Australian Government Research Training Program"},{"name":"Australian National Health and Medical Research Council","award":["APP 1127265"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP 1127265"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#1099655"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#1099655"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#1173991"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#1173991"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"WA Health and Artificial Intelligence Consortium"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005416","name":"Research Council of Norway","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005416","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centres of Excellence","award":["#262700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#262700"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereafter Aboriginal) women have a high prevalence of diabetes in pregnancy (DIP), which includes pre-gestational diabetes mellitus (PGDM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We aimed to characterize the impact of DIP in babies born to Aboriginal mothers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study, using routinely collected linked health data that included all singleton births (N\u2009=\u2009510 761) in Western Australia between 1998 and 2015. Stratified by Aboriginal status, generalized linear mixed models quantified the impact of DIP on neonatal outcomes, estimating relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs. Ratio of RRs (RRRs) examined whether RRs differed between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal populations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Exposure to DIP increased the risk of adverse outcomes to a greater extent in Aboriginal babies. PGDM heightened the risk of large for gestational age (LGA) (RR: 4.10, 95% CI: 3.56\u20134.72; RRR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.09\u20131.43), macrosomia (RR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.67\u20132.48; RRR: 1.39, 95% CI: 1.14\u20131.69), shoulder dystocia (RR: 4.51, 95% CI: 3.14\u20136.49; RRR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.44\u20133.33) and major congenital anomalies (RR: 2.14, 95% CI: 1.68\u20132.74; RRR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.24\u20132.10). GDM increased the risk of LGA (RR: 2.63, 95% CI: 2.36\u20132.94; RRR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.80\u20132.22), macrosomia (RR: 1.95, 95% CI: 1.72\u20132.21; RRR: 2.27, 95% CI: 2.01\u20132.56) and shoulder dystocia (RR: 2.78, 95% CI: 2.12\u20133.63; RRR: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.61\u20132.77). Birthweight mediated about half of the DIP effect on shoulder dystocia only in the Aboriginal babies.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>DIP differentially increased the risks of fetal overgrowth, shoulder dystocia and congenital anomalies in Aboriginal babies. Improving care for Aboriginal women with diabetes and further research on preventing shoulder dystocia among these women can reduce the disparities.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyad072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,2]],"date-time":"2023-06-02T20:25:29Z","timestamp":1685737529000},"page":"1400-1413","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The impact of diabetes during pregnancy on neonatal outcomes among the Aboriginal population in Western Australia: a whole-population study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Marwan Awad","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1259-3793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helen D","family":"Bailey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3740-8117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gavin","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Centre for Fertility and Health (CeFH), Norwegian Institute of Public Health , Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"enAble Institute, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott W","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Maternal Fetal Medicine Service, King Edward Memorial Hospital , Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kingsley","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bridgette J","family":"McNamara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Parkville, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Rheeder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, University of Pretoria , Pretoria, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rhonda","family":"Marriott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ngangk Yira Research Centre, Murdoch University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carrington C J","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University , Perth, Western Australia, Australia"},{"name":"Ngangk Yira Research Centre, Murdoch University , Perth, Western Australia, 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