{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T09:58:28Z","timestamp":1787997508759,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006506","name":"Brazilian Ministry of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25\/2023"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006506","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic had severe impacts worldwide. We assessed the occurrence of a post-COVID-19 condition (PCC) in Brazil and described the persistence of symptoms 4 years after the start of the pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A population-based survey was carried out in 133 large cities in 2024. The current prevalence of 21 COVID-19-related symptoms was recorded for all respondents, regardless of infection history. The World Health Organization\u2019s definition of PCC was adopted. Results were described by country region and socio-demographic characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 33\u200a250 individuals sampled, 28.6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 27.3 to 30.0] reported having had COVID-19, of whom 65.1% (95% CI 62.7 to 67.4) fulfilled the criteria for PCC at any time in the past. Prevalence of PCC was highest among those who were hospitalized and needed intubation or oxygen support [85.3% (95% CI 79.6 to 89.7)]. The average number of current symptoms among those with PCC was 7.21 (95% CI 6.73 to 7.69) compared with 2.77 (95% CI 2.62 to 2.92) among those without a COVID-19 history. The most common symptoms for those with COVID-19 history were memory loss, anosmia, loss of sensitivity in the hands, difficulty in concentration, and hair loss. Women and Indigenous individuals presented a higher average number of symptoms compared with those without a history.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A high proportion of individuals who suffered from COVID-19 presented symptoms 4 years after the SARS-CoV-2 emergence; almost two-thirds presented PCC. Population-based studies in different countries are necessary to better understand the epidemiology of this serious condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyaf143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]],"date-time":"2025-07-28T11:22:28Z","timestamp":1753701748000},"page":"i31-i40","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A countrywide study on post-COVID-19 condition in Brazil: the Epicovid 2.0"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7137-1747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando C","family":"Wehrmeister","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"International Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas , Pelotas,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2996-9427","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana M B","family":"Menezes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6820-1082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margareth","family":"Dalcolmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Refer\u00eancia H\u00e9lio Fraga, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation , Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0697-3714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena C C","family":"Prendergast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade e Ambiente, Minsit\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade , Bras\u00edlia, DF,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7572-6947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Talita G S","family":"Batista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade e Ambiente, Minsit\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade , Bras\u00edlia, DF,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5253-7665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Otavio Amaral de Andrade","family":"Le\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4580-3849","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cauane","family":"Blumenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas , Pelotas,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"causale Consultoria , Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2899-3062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Vinholes Siqueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o F\u00edsica, Escola Superior de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o F\u00edsica e Fisioterapia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2114-847X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio J","family":"Struchiner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiologia, Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ) , Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"Escola de Matem\u00e1tica Aplicada, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Get\u00falio Vargas (FGV) , Rio de Janeiro,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2465-2180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar G","family":"Victora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Epidemiologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas , Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul,","place":["Brazil"]},{"name":"International Center for Equity in Health, Federal University of Pelotas , Pelotas,","place":["Brazil"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1470-6461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro C","family":"Hallal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Kinesiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign , Urbana, IL,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026011510163723500_dyaf143-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1136\/jech-2020-214401","article-title":"The COVID-19 pandemic and health inequalities","volume":"74","author":"Bambra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"2026011510163723500_dyaf143-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11020413","article-title":"Female sex is a risk factor associated with long-term post-COVID related-symptoms but 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