{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T11:04:37Z","timestamp":1779793477919,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Health Insurance Association","award":["23KK0240"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23KK0240"]}]},{"name":"Japan Health Insurance Association","award":["25K02887"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K02887"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP22rea522107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22rea522107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Japan Science and Technology","award":["JPMJPR23R2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJPR23R2"]}]},{"name":"Cancerscan, Cykinso"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although area-level socioeconomic deprivation is a potential target for suicide prevention, it remains unclear whether its impact varies by individual socioeconomic status. We investigated whether the association between area-level socioeconomic deprivation and suicide differs by household income.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This nationwide cohort study included working-age individuals (18\u201374\u2009years) covered by the Japan Health Insurance Association from April 2015 to March 2023. Area-level socioeconomic deprivation was assessed at the municipality level by using the Area Deprivation Index in Japan. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) of suicide by area-level socioeconomic deprivation was estimated according to household-income levels. The IRR was adjusted for age, sex, enrollment year, family structure, histories of physical diseases and psychiatric disorders, urbanicity, and local medical resources. Probabilistic bias analysis was applied to provide a bias-adjusted estimate with its uncertainty.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 39\u2009432\u2009793 individuals (57.9% men; mean age 42.9\u00a0years), 6508 died by suicide. Area-level socioeconomic deprivation was associated with higher suicide risk, independently of covariates [IRR\u2009=\u20091.11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05\u20131.17]. This association was found in both the high-household-income group (IRR\u2009=\u20091.12, 95% CI 1.05\u20131.20) and the low-household-income group (IRR\u2009=\u20091.10, 95% CI 1.02\u20131.18), with no evidence of heterogeneity. Probabilistic bias analysis supported these findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>People in deprived areas experienced higher suicide risk, without heterogeneity by household income. Limitations include potential outcome misclassification, as approximately one-third of cause-of-death data were missing. Addressing area-level socioeconomic deprivation may prevent suicide, regardless of individual socioeconomic status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyag070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T11:33:58Z","timestamp":1776771238000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Area-level socioeconomic deprivation and suicide by household income: a nationwide cohort study 2015\u201323"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"55","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8522-3956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoshikazu","family":"Komura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto, 606-8501,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9614-8103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kosuke","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto, 606-8501,","place":["Japan"]},{"name":"Hakubi Center, Kyoto University , Kyoto, 606-8501,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rory C","family":"O\u2019Connor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Suicidal Behaviour Research Lab, School of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow , Glasgow, G12 8TA,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6425-6844","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University , Kyoto, 606-8501,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026052606403108300_dyag070-B1","volume-title":"Suicide Worldwide in 2019: Global Health Estimates","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2021"},{"key":"2026052606403108300_dyag070-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1111\/sltb.12450","article-title":"How many people are exposed to suicide? 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