{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:56:23Z","timestamp":1791420983326,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyl197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,30]],"date-time":"2006-08-30T20:32:34Z","timestamp":1156969954000},"page":"1514-1521","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":176,"title":["Risk factors for skin cancers: a nested case\u2013control study within the Nurses\u2019 Health Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Jiali","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Graham A","family":"Colditz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J","family":"Hunter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B1","unstructured":"American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts and Figures. Atlanta: American cancer society, 2004."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Howe HL, Wingo PA, Thun MJ et al. Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer (1973 through 1998), featuring cancers with recent increasing trends. J Natl Cancer Inst2001;93:824\u201342.","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/93.11.824"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Armstrong BK, Kricker A, English DR. Sun exposure and skin cancer. Aust J Dermatol1997;38:S1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-0960.1997.tb01000.x"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"English DR, Armstrong BK, Kricker A, Fleming C. Sunlight and cancer. Cancer Causes Control1997;8:271\u201383.","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018440801577"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brash DE. Sunlight and the onset of skin cancer. Trends Genet1997;13:410\u201314.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-9525(97)01246-8"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naldi L, Altieri A, Imberti GL, Gallus S, Bosetti C, La Vecchia C. Sun exposure, phenotypic characteristics, and cutaneous malignant melanoma. An analysis according to different clinico-pathological variants and anatomic locations (Italy). Cancer Causes Control2005;16:893\u201399.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-005-2300-4"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Naldi L, Altieri A, Imberti GL, Giordano L, Gallus S, La Vecchia C. Cutaneous malignant melanoma in women. Phenotypic characteristics, sun exposure, and hormonal factors: a case-control study from Italy. Ann Epidemiol2005;15:545\u201350.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2004.10.005"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MacKie RM. Incidence, risk factors and prevention of melanoma. Eur J Cancer1998;34:S3\u20136.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-8049(98)00003-3"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Osterlind A. Fair complexion and risk of malignant melanoma of the skin based on experience from the Danish Cancer Registry. Recent Results Cancer Res1993;128:91\u2013100.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-84881-0_7"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Masback A, Westerdahl J, Ingvar C, Olsson H, Jonsson N. Clinical and histopathological characteristics in relation to aetiological risk factors in cutaneous melanoma: a population-based study. Melanoma Res1999;9:189\u201397.","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-199904000-00012"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Autier P, Dore JF, Gefeller O et al. Melanoma risk and residence in sunny areas. EORTC Melanoma Co-operative Group. European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer. Br J Cancer1997;76:1521\u201324.","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1997.588"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dwyer T, Blizzard L, Ashbolt R, Plumb J, Berwick M, Stankovich JM. Cutaneous melanin density of Caucasians measured by spectrophotometry and risk of malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Am J Epidemiol2002;155:614\u201321.","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.7.614"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rosso S, Zanetti R, Pippione M, Sancho-Garnier H. Parallel risk assessment of melanoma and basal cell carcinoma: skin characteristics and sun exposure. Melanoma Res1998;8:573\u201383.","DOI":"10.1097\/00008390-199812000-00013"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elwood JM, Jopson J. Melanoma and sun exposure: an overview of published studies. Int J Cancer1997;73:198\u2013203.","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19971009)73:2<198::AID-IJC6>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Armstrong BK, Kricker A. The epidemiology of UV induced skin cancer. J Photochem Photobiol B2001;63:8\u201318.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1011-1344(01)00198-1"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Colditz GA, Martin P, Stampfer MJ et al. Validation of questionnaire information on risk factors and disease outcomes in a prospective cohort study of women. Am J Epidemiol1986;123:894\u2013900.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114319"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B17","unstructured":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Climatic Atlas of the United States, 1983."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miettinen OS. Stratification by a multivariate confounder score. Am J Epidemiol1976;104:609\u201320.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112339"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marshall RJ, Chisholm EM. Hypothesis testing in the polychotomous logistic model with an application to detecting gastrointestinal cancer. Stat Med1985;4:337\u201344.","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780040313"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weinstock MA, Colditz GA, Willett WC, Stampfer MJ, Rosner B, Speizer FE. Recall (report) bias and reliability in the retrospective assessment of melanoma risk. Am J Epidemiol1991;133:240\u201345.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115868"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Veierod MB, Weiderpass E, Thorn M et al. A prospective study of pigmentation, sun exposure, and risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma in women. J Natl Cancer Inst2003;95:1530\u201338.","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djg075"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holly EA, Aston DA, Cress RD, Ahn DK, Kristiansen JJ. Cutaneous melanoma in women. I. Exposure to sunlight, ability to tan, and other risk factors related to ultraviolet light. Am J Epidemiol1995;141:923\u201333.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117359"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Young AR. Tanning devices\u2013fast track to skin cancer? Pigment Cell Res2004;17:2\u20139.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1600-0749.2003.00117.x"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gallagher RP, Spinelli JJ, Lee TK. Tanning beds, sunlamps, and risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev2005;14:562\u201366.","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-04-0564"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beane Freeman LE, Dennis LK, Lynch CF, Lowe JB, Clarke WR. Test-retest of self-reported exposure to artificial tanning devices, self-tanning creams, and sun sensitivity showed consistency. J Clin Epidemiol2005;58:430\u201332.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2004.09.004"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Karagas MR, Stannard VA, Mott LA, Slattery MJ, Spencer SK, Weinstock MA. Use of tanning devices and risk of basal cell and squamous cell skin cancers. J Natl Cancer Inst2002;94:224\u201326.","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/94.3.224"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Spencer JM, Amonette R. Tanning beds and skin cancer: artificial sun + old sol = real risk. Clin Dermatol1998;16:487\u2013501.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(98)00022-4"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lazovich D, Sweeney C, Weinstock MA, Berwick M. Re: a prospective study of pigmentation, sun exposure, and risk of cutaneous malignant melanoma in women. J Natl Cancer Inst2004;96:335; author reply 7\u20138.","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh054"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kielbassa C, Roza L, Epe B. Wavelength dependence of oxidative DNA damage induced by UV and visible light. Carcinogenesis1997;18:811\u201316.","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/18.4.811"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B30","unstructured":"Scotto J, Fears TR, F FJ. Incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer in the United States. NIH Pub. No. 83-2433, 1983."},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schneider JS, Moore DH 2nd, Sagebiel RW. Risk factors for melanoma incidence in prospective follow-up. The importance of atypical (dysplastic) nevi. Arch Dermatol1994;130:1002\u201307.","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.1994.01690080068009"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20171012150645_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cho E, Rosner BA, Feskanich D, Colditz GA. Risk factors and individual probabilities of melanoma for whites. J Clin Oncol2005;23:2669\u201375.","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.11.108"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ije\/article-pdf\/35\/6\/1514\/1878391\/dyl197.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,12]],"date-time":"2017-10-12T15:53:17Z","timestamp":1507823597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ije\/article\/35\/6\/1514\/660039\/Risk-factors-for-skin-cancers-a-nested-casecontrol"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,30]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyl197","relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-3685","0300-5771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-3685","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0300-5771","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2006,12]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,8,30]]}}}