{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T04:19:14Z","timestamp":1781756354888,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The Nicotine Dependence in Teens (NDIT) study is a prospective cohort investigation of 1294 students recruited in 1999\u20132000 from all grade 7 classes in a convenience sample of 10 high schools in Montreal, Canada. Its primary objectives were to study the natural course and determinants of cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence in novice smokers. The main source of data was self-report questionnaires administered in class at school every 3 months from grade 7 to grade 11 (1999\u20132005), for a total of 20 survey cycles during high school education. Questionnaires were also completed after graduation from high school in 2007\u201308 and 2011\u201312 (survey cycles 21 and 22, respectively) when participants were aged 20 and 24 years on average, respectively. In addition to its primary objectives, NDIT has embedded studies on obesity, blood pressure, physical activity, team sports, sedentary behaviour, diet, genetics, alcohol use, use of illicit drugs, second-hand smoke, gambling, sleep and mental health. Results to date are described in 58 publications, 20 manuscripts in preparation, 13 MSc and PhD theses and 111 conference presentations. Access to NDIT data is open to university-appointed or affiliated investigators and to masters, doctoral and postdoctoral students, through their primary supervisor ( www.nditstudy.ca ).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyu135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,15]],"date-time":"2014-07-15T02:09:43Z","timestamp":1405390183000},"page":"1537-1546","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Cohort Profile: The Nicotine Dependence in Teens (NDIT) Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Jennifer","family":"O\u2019Loughlin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Centre de Recherche CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada,"},{"name":"2 Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada,"},{"name":"3 Institut National de Sant\u00e9 Publique du Qu\u00e9bec, Montreal, QC, Canada,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika N","family":"Dugas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Centre de Recherche CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Brunet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4 School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"DiFranza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5 Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James C","family":"Engert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6 Department of Medicine and Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,"},{"name":"7 Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andre","family":"Gervais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8 Agence de la Sant\u00e9 et des Services Sociaux, Direction de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Montr\u00e9al, QC, Canada,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Gray-Donald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9 School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition and"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Karp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Centre de Recherche CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada,"},{"name":"2 Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy C","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"10 Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Sabiston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"11 Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Pierre","family":"Sylvestre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1 Centre de Recherche CHUM, Montreal, QC, Canada,"},{"name":"2 Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel F","family":"Tyndale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"12 Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada"},{"name":"13 Department of Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Auger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Auger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Belanger","family":"Mathieu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barnett","family":"Tracie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Chaiton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meghan J","family":"Chenoweth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelyn","family":"Constantin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gis\u00e8le","family":"Contreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa","family":"Kakinami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aurelie","family":"Labbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katerina","family":"Maximova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"McMillan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin K","family":"O\u2019Loughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"Pabayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Roy-Gagnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mich\u00e8le","family":"Tremblay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J","family":"Wellman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andraeavan","family":"Hulst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Paradis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B1","first-page":"154","article-title":"Smoking-attributable mortality and expected years of life lost in Canada 2002: conclusions for prevention and policy","volume":"27","author":"Baliunas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chronic Dis Can"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-009-0101-3","article-title":"Differences in tobacco use between Canada and the United States","volume":"55","author":"Jones","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Public Health"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B3","volume-title":"Preventing Tobacco Use Among Youth and Young Adults: A Report of the Surgeon General","author":"US Department of Health and Human Services"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.9.3.313","article-title":"Initial symptoms of nicotine dependence in adolescents","volume":"9","author":"DiFranza","year":"2000","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2003.005595","article-title":"Short term patterns of early smoking acquisition","volume":"13","author":"Wellman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(99)00166-0","article-title":"Are adolescent smokers dependent on nicotine? A review of the evidence","volume":"59","author":"Colby","year":"2000","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1080\/14622200500266114","article-title":"\u2018Withdrawal symptoms\u2019 in adolescents: a comparison of former smokers and never-smokers","volume":"7","author":"Prokhorov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob Res"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.152.2.151","article-title":"Nicotine dependence among adolescent smokers","volume":"152","author":"Rojas","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1037\/1064-1297.9.2.176","article-title":"Do adolescent smokers experience withdrawal effects when deprived of nicotine?","volume":"9","author":"Killen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Exp Clin Psychopharm"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.11.3.228","article-title":"Development of symptoms of tobacco dependence in youths: 30 month follow up data from the DANDY study","volume":"11","author":"DiFranza","year":"2002","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.161.7.704","article-title":"Symptoms of tobacco dependence after brief intermittent use: the Development and Assessment of Nicotine Dependence in Youth-2 study","volume":"161","author":"DiFranza","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.11.044","article-title":"Early emerging nicotine-dependence symptoms: a signal of propensity for chronic smoking behavior in adolescents","volume":"156","author":"Dierker","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B13","first-page":"523","article-title":"The Qu\u00e9bec Child and Adolescent Health and Social Survey: design and methods of a cardiovascular risk factor survey for youth","volume":"19","author":"Paradis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1093\/her\/14.2.209","article-title":"Predictors of the prevalence of tobacco use among Francophones and Anglophones in the province of Ontario","volume":"14","author":"DeWit","year":"1999","journal-title":"Health Educ Res"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B15","first-page":"244","article-title":"Canada a country of two solitudes when smoking rates among anglophones, francophones compared","volume":"156","author":"Wharry","year":"1997","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B16","first-page":"657","article-title":"Lifestyle risk factors for chronic disease across family origin among adults in multiethnic, low-income, urban neighborhoods","volume":"17","author":"O'Loughlin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ethn Dis"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2011.06202.x","article-title":"Socioeconomic status and smoking: a review","volume":"1248","author":"Hiscock","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1446.2007.00645.x","article-title":"Cigarette smoking, socioeconomic status, and psychosocial factors: examining a conceptual framework","volume":"24","author":"Harwood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Public Health Nurs"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1080\/07315724.1995.10718548","article-title":"Dietary intake and anthropometric status of 7 to 9 year old children in economically disadvantaged communities in Ontario","volume":"14","author":"Evers","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Am Coll Nutr"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B20","first-page":"308","article-title":"Accuracy of blood pressure measurement by the Dinamap monitor in infants and children","volume":"8","author":"Park","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03530340032026","article-title":"Outcomes of a field trial to improve children\u2019s dietary patterns and physical activity","volume":"275","author":"Luepker","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980007184287","article-title":"Adaptation and evaluation of the National Cancer Institute's Diet History Questionnaire and nutrient database for Canadian populations","volume":"10","author":"Csizmadi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(02)00065-0","article-title":"CYP2A6 genetic variation and potential consequences","volume":"54","author":"Xu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv Drug Deliv Rev"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.10126","article-title":"Characterization of a novel CYP2A7\/CYP2A6 hybrid allele (CYP2A6*12) that causes reduced CYP2A6 activity","volume":"20","author":"Oscarson","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Mutat"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1097\/00008571-200409000-00006","article-title":"Ethnic variation in CYP2A6 and association of genetically slow nicotine metabolism and smoking in adult Caucasians","volume":"14","author":"Schoedel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pharmacogenetics"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1669","article-title":"Efficiency and power in genetic association studies","volume":"37","author":"de Bakker","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bth457","article-title":"Haploview: analysis and visualization of LD and haplotype maps","volume":"21","author":"Barrett","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06258","article-title":"A second generation human haplotype map of over 3.1 million SNPs","volume":"449","author":"International HapMap Constortium","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B29","first-page":"184","article-title":"Point-of-purchase tobacco environments and variation by store type \u2013 United States, 1999","volume":"51","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)","year":"2002","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-8292(02)00003-5","article-title":"Youth smoking initiation: disentangling context from composition","volume":"8","author":"Frohlich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Health Place"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2004.10.002","article-title":"Smoking trajectories of adolescent novice smokers in a longitudinal study of tobacco use","volume":"15","author":"Karp","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp179","article-title":"Determinants of first puff and daily cigarette smoking in adolescents","volume":"170","author":"O'Loughlin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2431-11-70","article-title":"A prognostic tool to identify adolescents at high risk of becoming daily smokers","volume":"11","author":"Karp","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-3797(03)00198-3","article-title":"Nicotine-dependence symptoms are associated with smoking frequency in adolescents","volume":"25","author":"O'Loughlin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1503\/cmaj.051235","article-title":"Milestones in the natural course of onset of cigarette use among adolescents","volume":"175","author":"Gervais","year":"2006","journal-title":"CMAJ"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2007.128629","article-title":"Milestones in the process of cessation among novice adolescent smokers","volume":"99","author":"O\u2019Loughlin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2013.07.009","article-title":"Incidence and determinants of cigarette smoking initiation in young adults","volume":"54","author":"O'Loughlin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2007.12.010","article-title":"Does cigarette use influence adiposity or height in adolescence?","volume":"18","author":"O\u2019Loughlin","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2003.007070","article-title":"Genetically decreased CYP2A6 and the risk of tobacco dependence: a prospective study of novice smokers","volume":"13","author":"O'Loughlin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1136\/tc.2005.014118","article-title":"Risk factors for tobacco dependence in adolescent smokers","volume":"15","author":"Karp","year":"2006","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0036-1586369","article-title":"The genetic aspects of nicotine metabolism and their impact on adolescent nicotine dependence","volume":"1","author":"Al Koudsi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr Biochem"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1097\/FPC.0b013e32835f834d","article-title":"CYP2A6 slow nicotine metabolism is associated with increased quitting by adolescent smokers","volume":"23","author":"Chenoweth","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacogenetics"},{"key":"2023050214095835400_dyu135-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-13-0869","article-title":"Determinants of the occurrence of smoking discontinuation in novice adolescent smokers","volume":"23","author":"O\u2019Loughlin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ije\/article-pdf\/44\/5\/1537\/50169836\/ije_44_5_1537.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ije\/article-pdf\/44\/5\/1537\/50169836\/ije_44_5_1537.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]],"date-time":"2023-05-02T14:58:12Z","timestamp":1683039492000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ije\/article\/44\/5\/1537\/2594537"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,13]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyu135","relation":{},"ISSN":["1464-3685","0300-5771"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1464-3685","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0300-5771","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2015,10]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,13]]}}}