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We conducted a prospective cohort study to assess the association between amount of mobile phone use at baseline and frequency of headache, tinnitus or hearing loss at 4-year follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The participants had mobile phone subscriptions with major mobile phone network operators in Sweden (n\u2009=\u200921\u2009049) and Finland (n\u2009=\u20093120), gave consent for obtaining their mobile phone call data from operator records at baseline, and filled in both baseline and follow-up questionnaires on symptoms, potential confounders and further characteristics of their mobile phone use.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The participants with the highest decile of recorded call-time (average call-time &gt;276\u2009min per week) at baseline showed a weak, suggestive increased frequency of weekly headaches at 4-year follow-up (adjusted odds ratio 1.13, 95% confidence interval 0.95\u20131.34). There was no obvious gradient of weekly headache with increasing call-time (P trend 0.06). The association of headache with call-time was stronger for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) network than older Global System for Mobile Telecommunications (GSM) technology, despite the latter involving higher exposure to RF-EMF. Tinnitus and hearing loss showed no association with call-time.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>People using mobile phones most extensively for making or receiving calls at baseline reported weekly headaches slightly more frequently at follow-up than other users, but this finding largely disappeared after adjustment for confounders and was not related to call-time in GSM with higher RF-EMF exposure. Tinnitus and hearing loss were not associated with amount of call-time.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,8]],"date-time":"2019-06-08T07:09:46Z","timestamp":1559977786000},"page":"1567-1579","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["Headache, tinnitus and hearing loss in the international Cohort Study of Mobile Phone Use and Health (COSMOS) in Sweden and Finland"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1125-4818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anssi","family":"Auvinen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Surveillance and Emergency Preparedness, STUK \u2013 Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Helsinki, Finland"},{"name":"Faculty of Social Science\/Health Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, 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