{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T02:45:00Z","timestamp":1790477100741,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Centre for Biomedical Research in Mental Health Network"},{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3 Cl\u00ednic, Barcelona, Spain"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The relationship between antidepressant response and glial, inflammatory, and metabolic markers is poorly understood in depression. This study assessed the ability of biological markers to predict antidepressant response in major depressive disorder (MDD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included 31 MDD outpatients treated with escitalopram or sertraline for 8 consecutive weeks. The Montgomery-\u00c5sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) was administered at baseline and at week 4 and 8 of treatment. Concomitantly, blood samples were collected for the determination of serum S100B, C-reactive protein (CRP), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)-C levels. Treatment response was defined as \u226550% improvement in the MADRS score from baseline to either week 4 or 8. Variables associated with treatment response were included in a linear regression model as predictors of treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-seven patients (87%) completed 8 weeks of treatment; 74% and 63% were responders at week 4 and 8, respectively. High S100B and low HDL-C levels at baseline were associated with better treatment response at both time points. Low CRP levels were correlated with better response at week 4. Multivariate analysis showed that high baseline S100B levels and low baseline HDL-C levels were good predictors of treatment response at week 4 (R2\u2009=\u20090.457, P\u2009=\u2009.001), while S100B was at week 8 (R2\u2009=\u20090.239, P\u2009=\u2009.011). Importantly, baseline S100B and HDL-C levels were not associated with depression severity and did not change over time with clinical improvement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Serum S100B levels appear to be a useful biomarker of antidepressant response in MDD even when considering inflammatory and metabolic markers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyac016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T15:11:36Z","timestamp":1645110696000},"page":"468-478","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["High S100B Levels Predict Antidepressant Response in Patients With Major Depression Even When Considering Inflammatory and Metabolic Markers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ricard","family":"Navin\u00e9s","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Oriolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona , Spain"},{"name":"Hospital de d\u00eda C\u00f3rcega, Centre Psicoterap\u00e8utic Barcelona (CPB); and Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Psychiatry Unit, Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Igor","family":"Horrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; CIBERSAM, Leioa, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute , Barakaldo, Bizkaia , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myriam","family":"Cavero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Aouizerate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286 , Bordeaux , France"},{"name":"CH Charles Perrens, Pole de Psychiatrie G\u00e9n\u00e9rale et Universitaire, Centre de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence r\u00e9gional des pathologies anxieuses et de la d\u00e9pression , Bordeaux , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Schaefer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charit\u00e9-Universit\u00e2tsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charit\u00e9 Mitte , Berlin , Germany"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, Psychosomatics and Addiction Medicine , Evang. Kliniken Es-sen-Mitte, Essen , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucile","family":"Capuron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bordeaux, INRAE, Bordeaux INP, NutriNeuro, UMR 1286 , Bordeaux , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7913-6714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J Javier","family":"Meana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country UPV\/EHU, Leioa, Bizkaia, Spain; CIBERSAM, Leioa, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute , Barakaldo, Bizkaia , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4150-4726","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rocio","family":"Martin-Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Hospital Clinic, Instituto de Investigaciones Biom\u00e9dicas August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona; Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) , Barcelona , Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Functional Psychiatric Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022062113002679500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pyv103","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyv103","article-title":"S100B serum levels predict treatment response in patients with melancholic depression","volume":"19","author":"Ambr\u00e9e","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"2022062113002679500_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-977X(03)00016-6","article-title":"S100B and response to treatment in major depression: a pilot 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