{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:27:54Z","timestamp":1791556074977,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,30]],"date-time":"2022-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648598400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011941","name":"Gobierno del Principado de Asturias","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PCTI-2018\u20132022 IDI\/2018\/235"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PCTI-2018\u20132022 IDI\/2018\/235"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011941","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University of the Regional Government of Andalusia","award":["FEDER-UCA18-106933"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FEDER-UCA18-106933"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Approximately 3% of the population suffers a first episode of psychosis (FEP), and a high percentage of these patients subsequently relapse. Because the clinical course following a FEP is hard to predict, it is of interest to identify cognitive and biological markers that will help improve the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of such events and to define new therapeutic targets. Here we analyzed the plasma oxytocin and prolactin levels during an FEP, assessing their correlation with clinical and cognitive features.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The oxytocin and prolactin in plasma was measured in 120 FEP patients and 106 healthy controls, all of whom were subjected to a clinical and neuropsychological assessment. Most patients were under antipsychotics. Statistical analyses aimed to identify factors associated with the FEP and to search for associations between the variables. This study is preliminary and exploratory because the P-values were not corrected for multiple comparisons.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>FEP patients had less oxytocin, more prolactin, and a poor premorbid IQ, and they performed worse in sustained attention. Male patients with higher prolactin levels experienced more severe psychotic symptoms and required higher doses of antipsychotics. Low oxytocin was associated with poor sustained attention in women, whereas low oxytocin and high prolactin in men correlated with better performance in sustained attention.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Low oxytocin, high prolactin, and poor premorbid IQ and sustained attention are factors associated with an FEP, representing potential therapeutic targets in these patients. These biological factors and cognitive domains might play an important role during a FEP, which could help us to develop new strategies that improve the outcomes of this disorder and that should perhaps be gender specific.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyac023","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,24]],"date-time":"2022-03-24T21:45:26Z","timestamp":1648158326000},"page":"666-677","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The Influence of Oxytocin and Prolactin During a First Episode of Psychosis: The Implication of Sex Differences, Clinical Features, and Cognitive Performance"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Hidalgo-Figueroa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital , C\u00e1diz , Spain"},{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacology and Psychobiology Research Group, Psychobiology Area, Department of Psychology , Puerto Real (C\u00e1diz) , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital , C\u00e1diz , Spain"},{"name":"Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of C\u00e1diz , Puerto Real (C\u00e1diz) , Spain"},{"name":"The Observatory of Pain, University of C\u00e1diz , C\u00e1diz , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Romero-L\u00f3pez-Alberca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital , C\u00e1diz , Spain"},{"name":"Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment Area, Department of Psychology, Universidad de C\u00e1diz , Puerto Real (C\u00e1diz) , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karina S","family":"MacDowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda y Toxicolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Univ. Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), IUINQ , Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Borja","family":"Garc\u00eda-Bueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda y Toxicolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Univ. Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), IUINQ , Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6887-7149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miquel","family":"Bioque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Institut d\u2019investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPs), Barcelona Cl\u00ednic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miquel","family":"Bernardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Institut d\u2019investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPs), Barcelona Cl\u00ednic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Neuroscience Institute, Hospital Cl\u00ednic de Barcelona, Department of Medicine, University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mara","family":"Parellada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Mara\u00f1\u00f3n, IiSGM, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense , Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario de Alava, BIOARABA, EHU , Vitoria-Gasteiz , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Paz","family":"Garc\u00eda Portilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Instituto de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA), Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) , Oviedo , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Psychiatry, Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Arag\u00f3n (IIS Arag\u00f3n) , Zaragoza , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Rodriguez-Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)\/Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM) , Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esther","family":"Berrocoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital , C\u00e1diz , Spain"},{"name":"Neuropsychopharmacology and Psychobiology Research Group, Psychobiology Area, Department of Psychology , Puerto Real (C\u00e1diz) , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan C","family":"Leza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), ISCIII , Madrid , Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Farmacolog\u00eda y Toxicolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Univ. Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), IUINQ , Madrid , Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"FLAMM-PEPs study","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"CIBERSAM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2013.00182","article-title":"A systematic review of cognitive function in first-episode psychosis, including a discussion on childhood trauma, stress, and inflammation","volume":"4","author":"Aas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2017.12.006","article-title":"Premorbid-IQ subgroups in first episode non affective psychosis patients: long-term sex differences in function and neurocognition","volume":"197","author":"Ayesa-Arriola","year":"2018","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02245617","article-title":"Olanzapine versus placebo: results of a double-blind, fixed-dose olanzapine trial","volume":"124","author":"Beasley","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4530(85)90056-3","article-title":"Vasopressin-oxytocin in cerebrospinal fluid of schizophrenic patients and normal controls","volume":"10","author":"Beckmann","year":"1985","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpsm.2014.03.001","article-title":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 hemos aprendido de la investigaci\u00f3n en primeros episodios psic\u00f3ticos?","volume":"7","author":"Bernardo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rpsm.2012.11.001","article-title":"Assessing clinical and functional outcomes in a gene\u2013environment interaction study in first episode of psychosis (PEPs)","volume":"6","author":"Bernardo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Rev Psiquiatr y Salud Ment English Ed"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881109106914","article-title":"A comparison of serum prolactin concentrations after administration of paliperidone extended-release and risperidone tablets in patients with schizophrenia","volume":"24","author":"Berwaerts","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Psychopharmacol"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2016.01.002","article-title":"Dysregulated peripheral endocannabinoid system signaling is associated with cognitive deficits in first-episode psychosis","volume":"75","author":"Bioque","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2017.05.007","article-title":"Oxytocin effects in schizophrenia: Reconciling mixed findings and moving forward","volume":"80","author":"Bradley","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291716000659","article-title":"Cognition and psychopathology in first-episode psychosis: are they related to inflammation?","volume":"46","author":"Cabrera","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1111\/acps.13222","article-title":"Decreased oxytocin plasma levels and oxytocin receptor expression in borderline personality disorder","volume":"142","author":"Carrasco","year":"2020","journal-title":"Acta Psychiatr Scand"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2008.03.020","article-title":"Identifying cognitive mechanisms targeted for treatment development in schizophrenia: an overview of the first meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia Initiative","volume":"64","author":"Carter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2020","DOI":"10.1126\/science.287.5460.2020","article-title":"Reversal of antipsychotic-induced working memory deficits by short-term dopamine D1 receptor stimulation","volume":"287","author":"Castner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1097\/HRP.0b013e3182a75b7d","article-title":"The role of oxytocin in psychiatric disorders: a review of biological and therapeutic research findings","volume":"21","author":"Cochran","year":"2013","journal-title":"Harv Rev Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0015","article-title":"Conners\u2019 Continuous Performance Test II (CPT II V. 5)","author":"Conners","year":"2004"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2017.01.046","article-title":"Effects of aripiprazole, quetiapine and ziprasidone on plasma prolactin levels in individuals with first episode nonaffective psychosis: analysis of a randomized open-label 1 year study","volume":"189","author":"Crespo-Facorro","year":"2017","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2015.02.022","article-title":"Premorbid adjustment and clinical correlates of cognitive impairment in first-episode psychosis: The PEPsCog Study","volume":"164","author":"Cuesta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2017.09.053","article-title":"An examination of sex differences in neurocognition and social cognition in first-episode psychosis","volume":"259","author":"Danaher","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.9.4.819","article-title":"Ziprasidone: comprehensive overview and clinical use of a novel antipsychotic","volume":"9","author":"Daniel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Expert Opin Investig Drugs"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s00737-018-0899-x","article-title":"Plasma prolactin levels are associated with the severity of illness in drug-naive first-episode psychosis female patients","volume":"22","author":"Delgado-Alvarado","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Womens Ment Health"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1976.01770060086012","article-title":"The Global Assessment Scale: a procedure for measuring overall severity of psychiatric disturbance","volume":"33","author":"Endicott","year":"1976","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2015.07.025","article-title":"A review of oxytocin\u2019s effects on the positive, negative, and cognitive domains of schizophrenia","volume":"79","author":"Feifel","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867416641195","article-title":"Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists clinical practice guidelines for the management of schizophrenia and related disorders","volume":"50","author":"Galletly","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbt001","article-title":"Pro-\/anti-inflammatory dysregulation in patients with first episode of psychosis: toward an integrative inflammatory hypothesis of schizophrenia","volume":"40","author":"Garc\u00eda-Bueno","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyu037","article-title":"Pro-\/antiinflammatory dysregulation in early psychosis: results from a 1-year follow-up study","volume":"18","author":"Garcia-Bueno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2011.07.025","article-title":"Prolactin concentrations in newly diagnosed, antipsychotic-na\u00efve patients with nonaffective psychosis","volume":"134","author":"Garcia-Rizo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"686","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2009.09060802","article-title":"International consensus study of antipsychotic dosing","volume":"167","author":"Gardner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-9964(94)90021-3","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid oxytocin concentration in schizophrenic patients does not differ from control subjects and is not changed by neuroleptic medication","volume":"11","author":"Glovinsky","year":"1994","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2007.09.019","article-title":"Diminished plasma oxytocin in schizophrenic patients with neuroendocrine dysfunction and emotional deficits","volume":"98","author":"Goldman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2016.03.018","article-title":"Prolactin concentrations in antipsychotic-na\u00efve patients with schizophrenia and related disorders: a meta-analysis","volume":"174","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Blanco","year":"2016","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"T101","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-15-0213","article-title":"The hypothalamo-prolactin axis","volume":"226","author":"Grattan","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2004.06.023","article-title":"Approaching a consensus cognitive battery for clinical trials in schizophrenia: the NIMH-MATRICS conference to select cognitive domains and test criteria","volume":"56","author":"Green","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1177\/070674379704200204","article-title":"Epidemiology of schizophrenia","volume":"42","author":"H\u00e4fner","year":"1997","journal-title":"Can J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4530(02)00112-9","article-title":"Elevated prolactin levels in patients with schizophrenia: mechanisms and related adverse effects","volume":"28","author":"Halbreich","year":"2003","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/sbp006","article-title":"The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia: version III - the final common pathway","volume":"35","author":"Howes","year":"2009","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2017.02.010","article-title":"Sex differences in prolactin levels in emerging psychosis: indication for enhanced stress reactivity in women","volume":"189","author":"Ittig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1805","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00031.2017","article-title":"The oxytocin receptor: from intracellular signaling to behavior","volume":"98","author":"Jurek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00429215","article-title":"Clozapine: plasma levels and prolactin response","volume":"73","author":"Kane","year":"1981","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-019-01989-4","article-title":"Electrophysiology and distribution of oxytocin and vasopressin neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus: a study in male and female rats","volume":"225","author":"Kania","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Struct Funct"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1097\/00004583-199707000-00021","article-title":"Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL): initial reliability and validity data","volume":"36","author":"Kaufman","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261","article-title":"The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for schizophrenia","volume":"13","author":"Kay","year":"1987","journal-title":"Schizophr Bull"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.31887\/DCNS.2015.17.4\/pkirsch","article-title":"Oxytocin in the socioemotional brain: implications for psychiatric disorders","volume":"17","author":"Kirsch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dialogues Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psyneuen.2018.11.028","article-title":"The role of cortisol and prolactin in the pathogenesis and clinical expression of psychotic disorders","volume":"102","author":"Labad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychoneuroendocrinology"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2014.10.011","article-title":"Stress biomarkers as predictors of transition to psychosis in at-risk mental states: roles for cortisol, prolactin and albumin","volume":"60","author":"Labad","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1007\/s004060070005","article-title":"The genetic epidemiology of schizophrenia and of schizophrenia spectrum disorders","volume":"250","author":"Lichtermann","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e89428","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089428","article-title":"Increased prolactin levels are associated with impaired processing speed in subjects with early psychosis","volume":"9","author":"Montalvo","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867417744254","article-title":"Sex differences in the relationship between prolactin levels and impaired processing speed in early psychosis","volume":"52","author":"Montalvo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aust N Z J Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.4161\/chan.28946","article-title":"Prolactin receptor in regulation of neuronal excitability and channels","volume":"8","author":"Patil","year":"2014","journal-title":"Channels"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scog.2015.10.004","article-title":"The search for new biomarkers for cognition in schizophrenia","volume":"2","author":"Penad\u00e9s","year":"2015","journal-title":"Schizophr Res Cogn"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.1.19","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence of psychotic and bipolar I disorders in a general population","volume":"64","author":"Per\u00e4l\u00e4","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-1781(94)90093-0","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) in schizophrenia","volume":"53","author":"Peralta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.643112","article-title":"Prospective long-term cohort study of subjects with first-episode psychosis examining eight major outcome domains and their predictors: study protocol","volume":"12","author":"Peralta","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1080\/13651501.2016.1197274","article-title":"Prolactin levels in drug-na\u00efve patients with schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders","volume":"20","author":"Petrikis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0054","first-page":"421","article-title":"The effects of novel and newly approved antipsychotics on serum prolactin levels: a comprehensive review","volume":"28","author":"Peuskens","year":"2014","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0055","first-page":"S148","article-title":"Hyperprolactinemia - side effect or part of the illness","volume":"31","author":"Pisk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Psychiatr Danub"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0056","volume-title":"The Halstead-Reitan neuropsychological test battery: theory and clinical interpretation","author":"Reitan","year":"1993"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(16)30379-0","article-title":"Oestrogens, prolactin, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, and schizophrenic psychoses","volume":"4","author":"Riecher-R\u00f6ssler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2571","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291713000226","article-title":"Hyperprolactinemia in antipsychotic-naive patients with first-episode psychosis","volume":"43","author":"Riecher-R\u00f6ssler","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychol Med"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.56.3.241","article-title":"Predictors of relapse following response from a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder","volume":"56","author":"Robinson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2010.09.014","article-title":"Peripheral oxytocin is associated with reduced symptom severity in schizophrenia","volume":"124","author":"Rubin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0061","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2011.06.002","article-title":"Sex-specific associations between peripheral oxytocin and emotion perception in schizophrenia","volume":"130","author":"Rubin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0062","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.01.019","article-title":"Peripheral vasopressin but not oxytocin relates to severity of acute psychosis in women with acutely-ill untreated first-episode psychosis","volume":"146","author":"Rubin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2016.04.117","article-title":"Peripheral oxytocin and vasopressin: biomarkers of psychiatric disorders? A comprehensive systematic review and preliminary meta-analysis","volume":"241","author":"Rutigliano","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2012.06.016","article-title":"Negative correlation between cerebrospinal fluid oxytocin levels and negative symptoms of male patients with schizophrenia","volume":"139","author":"Sasayama","year":"2012","journal-title":"Schizophr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-020-00885-4","article-title":"Acute oxytocin effects in inferring others\u2019 beliefs and social emotions in people at clinical high risk for psychosis","volume":"10","author":"Schmidt","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transl Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1228","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1983.01790100074010","article-title":"A children\u2019s global assessment scale (CGAS)","volume":"40","author":"Shaffer","year":"1983","journal-title":"Arch Gen Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s40263-016-0315-x","article-title":"Potential of oxytocin in the treatment of schizophrenia","volume":"30","author":"Shilling","year":"2016","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2019.02.017","article-title":"Endogenous oxytocin levels are associated with impaired social cognition and neurocognition in schizophrenia","volume":"112","author":"Strauss","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2020.06.014","article-title":"Relation between self-perceived stress, psychopathological symptoms and the stress hormone prolactin in emerging psychosis","volume":"136","author":"Studerus","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e31821df0c2","article-title":"Evaluation of enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassay methods for the measurement of plasma oxytocin","volume":"73","author":"Szeto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psychosom Med"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0071","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1192\/apt.bp.115.014977","article-title":"Hyperprolactinaemia: a guide for psychiatrists","volume":"23","author":"Wadoo","year":"2017","journal-title":"BJPsych Adv"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0072","volume-title":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale","author":"Wechsler","year":"1955"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0073","volume-title":"Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children\u2013Fourth Edition (WISC-IV)","author":"Wechsler","year":"2003"},{"key":"2022081613395496800_CIT0074","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-009-0046-9","article-title":"Neuropsychological functioning in early-onset first-episode psychosis: comparison of diagnostic subgroups","volume":"260","author":"Zabala","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ijnp\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ijnp\/pyac023\/43516470\/pyac023.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ijnp\/article-pdf\/25\/8\/666\/45445137\/pyac023.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ijnp\/article-pdf\/25\/8\/666\/45445137\/pyac023.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T13:41:32Z","timestamp":1660657292000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ijnp\/article\/25\/8\/666\/6556066"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ijnp\/pyac023","relation":{},"ISSN":["1461-1457","1469-5111"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1461-1457","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-5111","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]}}}