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D-amino acid oxidase (DAO), responsible for degradation of NMDAR-related D-amino acids such as D-serine, regulates NMDAR function. A cross-section study found that serum DAO levels were positively related with the severity of cognitive aging among elderly individuals. This 2-year prospective study aimed to explore the role of DAO levels in predicting the outcome of patients with very early-phase AD, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty-one patients with MCI and 21 healthy individuals were recruited. Serum DAO levels and cognitive function, measured by the AD assessment scale-cognitive subscale and the Mini-Mental Status Examination, were monitored every 6 months. We employed multiple regressions to examine the role of DAO concentration in cognitive decline in the 2-year period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From baseline to endpoint (24 months), serum DAO levels increased significantly, and cognitive ability declined according to both cognitive tests in the MCI patients. Among the healthy individuals, DAO concentrations also increased and Mini-Mental Status Examination scores declined; however, AD assessment scale-cognitive subscale scores did not significantly change. Further, DAO levels at both months 12 and 18 were predictive of cognitive impairment at month 24 among the MCI patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that blood DAO levels increased with cognitive deterioration among the MCI patients in a prospective manner. If replicated by future studies, blood DAO concentration may be regarded as a biomarker for monitoring cognitive change in the patients with MCI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyac027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,14]],"date-time":"2022-04-14T11:14:55Z","timestamp":1649934895000},"page":"660-665","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Blood D-Amino Acid Oxidase Levels Increased With Cognitive Decline Among People With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Two-Year Prospective Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Chieh-Hsin","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine , Kaohsiung , Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Chang Gung University , Taoyuan , Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University , Taichung , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsien-Yuan","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry & Brain Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University , Taichung , Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022081613394980300_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11881","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.7691","article-title":"The effect of D-serine administration on cognition and mood in older adults","volume":"7","author":"Avellar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"2022081613394980300_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S41","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-8020(11)70015-3","article-title":"Mild cognitive impairment associated with underlying Alzheimer\u2019s disease versus Lewy body disease","volume":"18","author":"Boeve","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"2022081613394980300_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)08256-6","article-title":"Progression to dementia in patients with isolated memory loss","volume":"349","author":"Bowen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2022081613394980300_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.204008","article-title":"The ADAS-cog in Alzheimer\u2019s disease clinical trials: psychometric evaluation of the sum and its parts","volume":"81","author":"Cano","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613394980300_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2676","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21082676","article-title":"D-glutamate and gut microbiota in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"21","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2022081613394980300_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2283","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052283","article-title":"Involvement of cholinergic, adrenergic, and glutamatergic network modulation with cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"22","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2022081613394980300_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.9758\/cpn.2021.19.3.423","article-title":"Novel biomarkers of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: based upon N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor hypoactivation and oxidative stress","volume":"19","author":"Chiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci"},{"key":"2022081613394980300_CIT0008","first-page":"147","article-title":"Regulation and function of activity-dependent homer in synaptic plasticity","volume":"5","author":"Clifton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Neuropsychiatry"},{"key":"2022081613394980300_CIT0009","first-page":"CD011145","article-title":"Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) for the detection of dementia in clinically unevaluated people aged 65 and over in community and primary care populations","volume":"1","author":"Creavin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"2022081613394980300_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-49844-3_11","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease and protein kinases","volume":"1275","author":"Engin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"2022081613394980300_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-mental state\u201d. 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