{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T20:31:15Z","timestamp":1789417875920,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]],"date-time":"2025-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752192000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009532","name":"Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["VK01010212"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VK01010212"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009532","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) is a new psychoactive substance known for its mind-altering effects and temporary legal status. It is widely used in parts of the Europe and United Kingdom as a legal alternative to \u22069-tetrahydrocannabinol, yet little research has explored its effects and safety. This study examined how HHC is processed in the body, its toxicity, and its impact on behavior in male Wistar rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 1:1 mixture of (9R)-HHC and (9S)-HHC was administered via intragastric gavage at doses of 1, 5, and 10\u00a0mg\/kg. Behavioral effects were assessed using the open field test and the prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two hours after the highest dose (10\u00a0mg\/kg), peak concentrations of HHC were detected in blood and brain tissue. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 423 toxicity test classified HHC as a Category 4 substance, estimating a lethal dose of 1000\u00a0mg\/kg. Compared to controls (administered by sunflower oil), 10\u00a0mg\/kg HHC reduced movement, increased anxiety, and impaired sensory processing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, HHC crosses the blood\u2013brain barrier, exhibits mild toxicity, and induces behavioral effects similar to tetrahydrocannabinol. Its dose-dependent anxiogenic properties and impact on information processing highlight the importance of the appropriate dosing in any potential therapeutic use.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ijnp\/pyaf041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T07:34:51Z","timestamp":1751960091000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Hexahydrocannabinol: pharmacokinetics, systemic toxicity, and acute behavioral effects in Wistar rats"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1653-822X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kl\u00e1ra","family":"\u0160\u00edchov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychedelic Research Centre, National Institute of Mental Health , Topolov\u00e1 748, Klecany 250 67 ,","place":["Czech 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