{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T09:55:44Z","timestamp":1781171744246,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633392000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016714","name":"University of Sharjah","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["150316"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["150316"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016714","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To explore pharmacy colleges\u2019 experiences and challenges worldwide with the transition to online teaching during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From the six World Health Organization regions, 28 countries with the highest number of COVID-19 cases were identified, and 111 pharmacy colleges were randomly selected from these countries. Two online surveys were sent to faculty members and senior administrators. They assessed changes in teaching and learning, experiential training, assessment, readiness for and challenges with distance e-learning and work-related stress.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data were collected from 46 colleges. The majority (80.4%) of colleges transitioned to distance e-learning. On-site experiential training was discontinued in 55.5% of colleges and 25.0% redesigned on-site training into remote learning experiences. Assessments were modified in 75.9% of colleges. Assuring the integrity of assessments and delivering practical classes were the most prominent faculty challenges. The majority of faculty (75.0%) and administrators (61.9%) reported moderate work-related stress. Nevertheless, most academics felt that they received adequate support from their institutions and had positive perceptions of the transition to distance e-learning during the pandemic.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The COVID-19 pandemic required drastic changes for most programs\u2019 teaching methods. Our results showed that educational institutions were somewhat able to support faculty and the needs of educational programs were largely met. However, academic rigour and provision of experiential training can be improved. Faculty emotional support and training needs were not fully addressed in these difficult times. These results shed light on how the global pharmacy academy has addressed the COVID-19 pandemic and help rethink crisis response models.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpp\/riab064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,16]],"date-time":"2021-09-16T11:09:44Z","timestamp":1631790584000},"page":"633-641","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A global assessment of distance pharmacy education amid COVID-19: teaching, assessment and experiential training"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5122-271X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hamzah","family":"Alzubaidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feras Jassim","family":"Jirjees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kari L","family":"Franson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ward","family":"Saidawi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amna M","family":"Othman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zainab H","family":"Rabeeah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hala Jehad","family":"Al-Obaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates"},{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taher","family":"Hatahet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Queen\u2019s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3499-3656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suzanne","family":"Caliph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0001","first-page":"10","article-title":"Perspectives on monoclonal antibody therapy as potential therapeutic intervention for Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19)","volume":"38","author":"Shanmugaraj","year":"2020","journal-title":"Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0002","author":"World Health Organization.","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0003","author":"United Nations Development Programme.","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0004","first-page":"447","article-title":"COVID-19 and its impact on management research and education: threats, opportunities and a manifesto","author":"Beech","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000004945","article-title":"The COVID-19 pandemic highlights shortcomings in US Health Care informatics infrastructure: a call to action","volume":"131","author":"O\u2032Reilly-Shah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2020.04.018","article-title":"The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): a review","volume":"78","author":"Nicola","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Surg"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0007","author":"Rizga","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0008","author":"Lerman","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0009","author":"United Nations.","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0010"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0011","first-page":"e7541","article-title":"Closure of universities due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): impact on education and mental health of students and academic staff","volume":"12","author":"Sahu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.5055\/jem.2020.0464","article-title":"Tabletop exercise to prepare institutions of higher education for an outbreak of COVID-19","volume":"18","author":"Wendelboe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Emerg Manag"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0013","author":"Elearning Ashp Organization.","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0014","author":"College of Pharmacy UGA.","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0015","author":"Harvard Medical School.","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0016","author":"UN News.","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.02.009","article-title":"The design of blended learning in response to student diversity in higher education: instructors\u2019 views and use of differentiated instruction in blended learning","volume":"120","author":"Boelens","year":"2018","journal-title":"Comput Educ"},{"issue":"7","key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0018","first-page":"457","article-title":"E-learning during the period of pandemic (COVID-19) in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: an empirical study","volume":"8","author":"Hoq","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Educ Res"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5261","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-020-10219-y","article-title":"Exploring the critical challenges and factors influencing the E-learning system usage during COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"25","author":"Amin Almaiah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Educ Inf Technol"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0020","author":"World Health Organization.","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0021","author":"International Pharmaceutical Federation."},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.4018\/978-1-59140-634-1","volume-title":"Managing E-Learning: Design, Delivery, Implementation, and Evaluation","author":"Khan","year":"2005"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0023","first-page":"59","article-title":"Perceptions of higher education faculty members on the value of distance education","volume":"8","author":"Ulmer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Q Rev Distance Educ"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1007\/s12528-018-9179-z","article-title":"Online learning in higher education: exploring advantages and disadvantages for engagement","volume":"30","author":"Dumford","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Comput High Educ"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0025","first-page":"397","article-title":"The role of e-learning, advantages, and disadvantages of its adoption in higher education","volume":"2","author":"Arkorful","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Educ Res"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-020-02007-6","article-title":"A systematic review of the factors \u2013 enablers and barriers \u2013 affecting e-learning in health sciences education","volume":"20","author":"Regmi","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1087\/095315103320995078","article-title":"E-learning: new opportunities in continuing professional development","volume":"16","author":"Klein","year":"2003","journal-title":"Learn Publ"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0028","first-page":"1","article-title":"The COVID-19 pandemic and E-learning: challenges and opportunities from the perspective of students and instructors","volume":"3","author":"Maatuk","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Comput High Educ"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0029","article-title":"Virtual OSCEs \u2013 challenges and considerations for pharmacy education?","author":"Lucas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pulses"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0030","volume-title":"Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Handbook I: The Cognitive Domain","author":"Bloom","year":"1956"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0031","first-page":"203","article-title":"Bloom\u2019s taxonomy: improving assessment and teaching-learning process","volume-title":"J Educ Educ Dev","author":"Chandio","year":"2016"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0032","article-title":"Cheating in online student assessment: beyond plagiarism","author":"Rowe","year":"2004","journal-title":"On-Line J Distance Learn Adm"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"020037","DOI":"10.1063\/1.5082055","article-title":"The impact of technology on cheating and plagiarism in the assessment \u2013 the teachers\u2019 and students\u2019 perspectives","volume":"2048","author":"Peytcheva-Forsyth","year":"2018","journal-title":"AIP Conf Proc"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe8088","article-title":"Sustainable pharmacy education in the time of COVID-19","volume":"84","author":"Lyons","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0035","article-title":"American Medical Association releases guidance on medical student participation in COVID-19 Response","author":"Burke","year":"2020","journal-title":"Inside Higher Ed"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0036","article-title":"Pharmacy students to graduate early in preparation for future COVID-19 impact","author":"Huchel","year":"2020"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2007.03.001","article-title":"Exploring burnout among university online instructors: an initial investigation","volume":"10","author":"Hogan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Internet High Educ"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1177\/0897190018815042","article-title":"Differences in career satisfaction, work-life balance, and stress by gender in a national survey of pharmacy faculty","volume":"33","author":"Ip","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pharm Pract"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0039","first-page":"387","article-title":"The impact of work-life balance on intention to stay in academia: results from a national survey of pharmacy faculty","volume":"14","author":"Tristan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Res Soc Adm Pharm"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1573","DOI":"10.2146\/ajhp140654","article-title":"Survey of career satisfaction, lifestyle, and stress levels among pharmacy school faculty","volume":"72","author":"Lindfelt","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Health Syst Pharm"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0041","article-title":"Forgotten faculty: stress and job satisfaction among distance educators","author":"McLean","journal-title":"Online J Distance Learn Adm"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.19173\/irrodl.v19i2.3391","article-title":"Mental health in higher education: a comparative stress risk assessment at an open distance learning university in South Africa","volume":"19","author":"Poalses","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Rev Res Open Distance Learn"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0043","first-page":"2415","article-title":"Responding to COVID 19 with an emotionally intelligent online faculty","volume":"7","author":"Browning","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Educ Soc Sci"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0044","author":"Curran","year":"2004"},{"key":"2021120509111509000_CIT0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101691","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdrr.2020.101691","article-title":"Benefits, barriers, and incentives for improved resilience to disruption in university teaching","volume":"50","author":"Dohaney","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Disaster Risk Reduct"}],"container-title":["International Journal of Pharmacy Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ijpp\/article-pdf\/29\/6\/633\/41505926\/riab064.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ijpp\/article-pdf\/29\/6\/633\/41505926\/riab064.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]],"date-time":"2021-12-05T09:11:53Z","timestamp":1638695513000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ijpp\/article\/29\/6\/633\/6381555"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ijpp\/riab064","relation":{},"ISSN":["0961-7671","2042-7174"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0961-7671","type":"print"},{"value":"2042-7174","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]}}}