{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T19:05:49Z","timestamp":1791572749669,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tertiary Education Trust Fund of Nigeria","award":["Tetf\/ES\/UNIV\/ENUGU STATE\/TSAS\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Tetf\/ES\/UNIV\/ENUGU STATE\/TSAS\/2019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The prescribing rate of opioids is increasing and is a main contributor to opioid misuse. Community pharmacists can help reduce opioid misuse rates by carrying out prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) opioid misuse prevention services. Understanding the barriers and facilitators to community pharmacists\u2019 involvement has the potential to improve these services.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To review the literature on the barriers and facilitators of community pharmacists\u2019 involvement in prescription and OTC opioid misuse prevention.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A systematic review of primary research was carried out in MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and APA PsycINFO from January 2022 to March 2022. Narrative synthesis underpinned by the COM-B model was used to analyse findings from the included articles. Studies were included if they used qualitative or mixed methods; published in English and focussed on OTC or prescription opioids.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ten studies were included in the review. Barriers and facilitators were grouped into individual, environmental, and system-level factors. Based on the COM-B model, these factors were classified as capabilities (knowledge and skill), opportunities (e.g. relationship with prescribers, time), and motivation (pharmacists\u2019 attitude).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Improving pharmacists\u2019 capabilities and opportunities might improve pharmacists\u2019 motivation to offer opioid misuse services. This could improve pharmacists\u2019 behaviour, that is, their role in preventing prescription and OTC opioid misuse. The findings of this review were based on information obtained from primary evidence from qualitative studies; However. further empirical work is needed to identify how pharmacists can be supported.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpp\/riad090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,27]],"date-time":"2023-12-27T16:26:40Z","timestamp":1703694400000},"page":"133-145","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Factors influencing pharmacists\u2019 roles in preventing prescription and over-the-counter opioid misuse: a systematic review and narrative synthesis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8469-0744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ogochukwu Fidelia","family":"Offu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, The Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne , United 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