{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T15:32:06Z","timestamp":1786375926313,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Opioid prescription counts are increasing across Europe and in Switzerland, yet inappropriate co-prescribing of opioids is common, with serious unintended clinical effects. There is limited information about the opioid stewardship programmes (OSPs) implemented in Europe and Switzerland. The present study surveyed OSPs in Switzerland\u2019s hospitals to characterize implemented OSPs and assessed their association with staffing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A 30-item questionnaire was sent to the director of every pharmacy in Switzerland\u2019s national hospital pharmacy association (n\u2009=\u200969). It addressed the pharmacy-reported use of seven types of OSP previously identified in the literature: automated decision support, opioid use guidelines, staff training, discussions of opioid issues\/questions in committees, the availability of naloxone, interventions for appropriate opioid use and the monitoring of consumption.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-one of the 69 institutions completed the survey (45%) and a further nine responded partially (13%). Hospitals had implemented a median of three of the seven OSPs covered (interquartile range: 2\u20135). Infrequently implemented OSPs included alert systems to detect high-risk situations involving opioids (15%), opioid use guidelines (41%), education on safe opioid use (32%) and monitoring of opioid or naloxone use (42%). Committees on safe opioid use (59%) and clinical pharmacy interventions addressing safe opioid use (62%) were more frequently implemented. Naloxone was rapidly available in all institutions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Switzerland\u2019s hospitals rarely implement the seven types of OSPs identified, suggesting that more coordinated approaches to improving opioid safety are needed. Our interpretations should be treated cautiously, nevertheless, due to potential non-response bias.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ijpp\/riag108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T11:40:35Z","timestamp":1784893235000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A nationwide survey of opioid stewardship programmes in Switzerland\u2019s hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5418-6015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurice","family":"W\u00fcrsten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital , Anna-von-Krauchthal-Weg 7, CH-3010, Bern ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3523-5729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Meyer-Massetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital , Anna-von-Krauchthal-Weg 7, CH-3010, Bern ,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern , Mittelstrasse 43, CH-3012 Bern ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9674-5124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aljoscha N","family":"Goetschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital , Anna-von-Krauchthal-Weg 7, CH-3010, Bern ,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Institute of Primary Health Care (BIHAM), University of Bern , Mittelstrasse 43, CH-3012 Bern ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081011260603200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1177\/2049463720911986","article-title":"Basic opioid pharmacology - an update","volume":"14","author":"James","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Pain"},{"key":"2026081011260603200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1202561","article-title":"Management of opioid analgesic overdose","volume":"367","author":"Boyer","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026081011260603200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e335","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(22)00013-5","article-title":"Global, regional, and national trends in opioid analgesic consumption from 2015 to 2019: a longitudinal study","volume":"7","author":"Ju","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"2026081011260603200_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1608051","article-title":"Trends in prescription opioid use in Europe: a DARWIN EU\u00ae multinational cohort study including seven European countries","volume":"16","author":"Xie","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026081011260603200_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2086-6","article-title":"Changes over time in prescription practices of pain medications in Switzerland between 2006 and 2013: an analysis of insurance claims","volume":"17","author":"Wertli","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"2026081011260603200_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanepe.2022.100437","article-title":"Opioid sales and opioid-related poisonings in Switzerland: a descriptive population-based time-series analysis","volume":"20","author":"Hooijman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health Eur"},{"key":"2026081011260603200_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0238285","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0238285","article-title":"Increased risk of adverse events in non-cancer patients with chronic and high-dose opioid use-a health insurance claims analysis","volume":"15","author":"Burgstaller","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026081011260603200_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.2147\/jpr.S389358","article-title":"What is \"opioid stewardship\"? 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