{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T17:46:29Z","timestamp":1792086389488,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ILAR Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/ilar.41.4.187","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,12]],"date-time":"2013-02-12T12:59:22Z","timestamp":1360673962000},"page":"187-196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":451,"title":["Mechanisms of Cryoinjury in Living Cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. K.","family":"Critser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","reference":[{"key":"1_28602037","first-page":"C373","volume":"247","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology -- Legacy Content","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0002-9513","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"2_44921467","first-page":"410","volume":"37","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"3_12234242","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(72)90006-5","volume":"9","author":"Berndtson","year":"1972","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"4_12234246","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(72)90010-7","volume":"9","author":"Berndtson","year":"1972","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"5_9126665","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(90)90029-4","volume":"27","author":"Bischof","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"6_14175893","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"980","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)59233-4","volume":"47","author":"Critser","year":"1987","journal-title":"Fertility and sterility","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0015-0282","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"7_14120132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)59118-3","volume":"47","author":"Critser","year":"1987","journal-title":"Fertility and sterility","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0015-0282","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"8_4851158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0820027","volume":"82","author":"Critser","year":"1988","journal-title":"Reproduction","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1470-1626","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"9_4967514","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)60079-1","volume":"50","author":"Critser","year":"1988","journal-title":"Fertility and sterility","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0015-0282","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"11_5952351","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1006\/cryo.1997.2071","volume":"36","author":"Devireddy","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"Pt 1","key":"12_8632196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1982.tb00354.x","volume":"126","author":"Diller","year":"1982","journal-title":"Journal of Microscopy (Oxford)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1365-2818","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"13_11754960","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(70)90021-0","volume":"7","author":"Diller","year":"1970","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"14_13772721","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(86)90013-1","volume":"23","author":"Fahy","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"15_13289522","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(84)90079-8","volume":"21","author":"Fahy","year":"1984","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"17_45189953","first-page":"291","volume":"B278","year":"1977","journal-title":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0962-8436","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"18_4591314","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(78)90021-4","volume":"15","author":"Fishbein","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"19_44921469","first-page":"219","volume":"3","year":"1975","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1879-3231","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"20_8163701","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(80)90042-5","volume":"17","author":"Fujikawa","year":"1980","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"21_16395415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(96)79246-9","volume":"71","author":"Gao","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biophysical Journal","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0006-3495","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"23_15990974","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/","volume":"10","author":"Gao","year":"1995","journal-title":"Human Reproduction","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0268-1161","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"25_16825852","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1006\/cryo.1997.2016","volume":"34","author":"Jackson","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"26_14258727","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.100.2.313","volume":"100","author":"Johnson","year":"1987","journal-title":"Development","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0950-1991","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"27_9837654","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/","volume":"7","author":"Joly","year":"1992","journal-title":"Human Reproduction","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0268-1161","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"28_24964365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4442","DOI":"10.1063\/1.355959","volume":"75","year":"1994","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-8987","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"29_9827602","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(92)90023-U","volume":"29","author":"Karow","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"30_7099186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-2240(65)80094-3","volume":"2","author":"Karow","year":"1965","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"31_11553093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/S0011-2240(70)80086-4","volume":"6","author":"Leibo","year":"1970","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"32_4086310","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(76)90097-3","volume":"13","author":"Levin","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"33_44921470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5193(62)80032-0","volume":"3","year":"1962","journal-title":"Journal of Theoretical Biology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1095-8541","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"929","key":"34_32196908","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1957.0062","volume":"147","author":"Lovelock","year":"1957","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0962-8452","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"36_6733152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.47.2.347","volume":"47","author":"Mazur","year":"1963","journal-title":"The Journal of General Physiology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-1295","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"38_4322506","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(77)90175-4","volume":"14","author":"Mazur","year":"1977","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"(Cell Physiol 16)","key":"39_45189954","first-page":"C125","volume":"M7","year":"1984","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology -- Legacy Content","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0002-9513","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"40_9294187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02989804","volume":"17","author":"Mazur","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cell biophysics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0163-4992","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"41_13690987","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(85)90029-X","volume":"22","author":"Mazur","year":"1985","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"42_5178334","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(89)90030-8","volume":"26","author":"Mazur","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"43_12306522","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-4827(72)90303-5","volume":"71","author":"Mazur","year":"1972","journal-title":"Experimental cell research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0014-4827","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"44_13959225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02788516","volume":"8","author":"Mazur","year":"1986","journal-title":"Cell biophysics","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0163-4992","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"45_4966817","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1016\/0011-2240(88)90024-7","volume":"25","author":"McGann","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"51_25593586","first-page":"532","volume":"166","year":"1994","journal-title":"BIOPHYSICS"},{"issue":"3","key":"52_5101514","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(88)82980-1","volume":"54","author":"Pegg","year":"1988","journal-title":"Biophysical Journal","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0006-3495","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"53_44921472","first-page":"44","volume":"24","year":"1989","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"54_44921473","first-page":"296","volume":"64","year":"1952","journal-title":"Veterinary Record","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0042-4900","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4172","key":"55_28598568","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1038\/164666a0","volume":"164","author":"Polge","year":"1949","journal-title":"Nature; Physical Science (London)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1476-4687","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6003","key":"56_13418587","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1038\/313573a0","volume":"313","author":"Rall","year":"1985","journal-title":"Nature; Physical Science (London)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1476-4687","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"57_6714045","first-page":"83","volume":"9","author":"Rapatz","year":"1963","journal-title":"Biodynamica","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0006-3010","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"58_44921474","first-page":"69","volume":"229","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1276","key":"59_5139747","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.1988.0053","volume":"234","author":"Rubinsky","year":"1988","journal-title":"Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1364-5021","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"60_44921475","first-page":"68","volume":"21","year":"1988","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1879-3231","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"61_44921476","first-page":"49","volume":"14","year":"1964","journal-title":"Fertility and sterility","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0015-0282","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"62_12448237","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)39678-9","volume":"24","author":"Sherman","year":"1973","journal-title":"Fertility and sterility","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0015-0282","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"64_44921477","first-page":"S115","volume":"24","year":"1965","journal-title":"The FASEB Journal","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0892-6638","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"65_13490066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4062","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.134.6.4062","volume":"134","author":"Takahashi","year":"1985","journal-title":"The Journal of Immunology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-1767","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"66_24227959","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1063\/1.345670","volume":"67","year":"1990","journal-title":"Journal of Applied Physiology","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0021-8987","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"67_44921478","first-page":"1980","volume":"64","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biophysical Journal","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0006-3495","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"68_44921479","first-page":"S144","volume":"24","year":"1965","journal-title":"The FASEB Journal","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0892-6638","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"71_16281394","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1071\/RD9950871","volume":"7","author":"Watson","year":"1995","journal-title":"Reproduction, Fertility, and Development","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0004-9417","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"72_44921480","first-page":"250","volume":"4","year":"1979","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"73_10895969","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1006\/cryo.1999.2174","volume":"38","author":"Woods","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cryobiology (Print)","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1090-2392","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"74_5181279","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.1120200103","volume":"20","author":"Yudin","year":"1988","journal-title":"Gamete research","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0148-7280","issn-type":"print"}],"container-title":["ILAR Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ilarjournal\/article-pdf\/41\/4\/187\/6762497\/ilar-41-4-187.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,29]],"date-time":"2023-06-29T11:36:14Z","timestamp":1688038574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ilarjournal\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1093\/ilar.41.4.187"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ilar.41.4.187","relation":{},"ISSN":["1084-2020"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1084-2020","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,1,1]]}}}