{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T03:53:32Z","timestamp":1775879612981,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]],"date-time":"2021-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640304000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Singapore Ministry of Health\u2019s National Medical Research Council under its Singapore Translational Research Investigator Award","award":["MOH-000019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH-000019"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hepatocellular carcinoma is a significant global health challenge with steadily increasing incidence in the East Asia region. While both Hepatitis C and B virus infections account for the majority of HCC cases, the advent of potent antivirals against HCV infection has biased the aetiology towards chronic HBV infection that at the moment remains without an effective cure. For this reason, HBV-HCC remains a persistent global problem. Treatment options for intermediate to advanced stages of HBV-HCC remain limited, hence novel therapeutic strategies are required to fulfil this medical need. Following the considerable success of adoptive T-cell immunotherapy against B-cell malignancies, it is conceivable to envision whether the same could be achieved against HBV-HCC. In this review, we describe the development of T-cell therapy strategies for HBV-HCC and discuss the safety and the efficacy of the strategies in terms of the direct killing of tumour cells and the other alterations possibly induced by the action of the T cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/immadv\/ltab026","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,24]],"date-time":"2021-12-24T05:42:27Z","timestamp":1640324547000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["HBV-HCC treatment with mRNA electroporated HBV-TCR T cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Anthony T","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School , Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2942-0485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Bertoletti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS 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