{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:55:41Z","timestamp":1790906141284,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":86,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SIII; neutrophils\/lymphocytes \u00d7 platelets) is a low-cost biomarker proposed to predict outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This study evaluated associations of baseline and early on-treatment changes in SIII with overall survival (OS) for common ICI regimens. Patients with advanced cancer treated with ICIs at a UK centre were categorized by baseline SIII (above vs. below the median) and by changes at 3\u20136 weeks (increase\/decrease). OS was analysed using Kaplan\u2013Meier estimates. Adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using multivariable Cox regression. Among 2578 patients included, 1514 deaths occurred over a median follow-up of 2.6 years. Common regimens included pembrolizumab or atezolizumab with (15.9%) or without chemotherapy (13.9%) for NSCLC, and nivolumab plus ipilimumab for melanoma (12.6%). Lower baseline SIII was associated with improved OS (28.1 vs. 11.1 months; aHR 0.56, 0.50\u20130.62), with a weaker association observed in those receiving ICI-targeted therapy combinations. An on-treatment increase in SIII was linked to reduced OS (16.8 vs. 21.5 months; aHR 1.33, 1.18\u20131.49). Patients with low baseline SIII and an on-treatment decline had the longest OS (33.2 months), whereas those with high baseline SIII and an on-treatment increase had the shortest (8.2 months; aHR 2.88, 2.41\u20133.44; interaction between baseline and on-treatment SIII P &amp;lt; 0.001). SIII is a low-cost, readily available biomarker. Both baseline SIII levels and on-treatment changes in SIII are significantly associated with OS. SIII may help identify patients who could benefit from closer monitoring or treatment adjustments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/immadv\/ltaf031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,14]],"date-time":"2025-10-14T11:59:53Z","timestamp":1760443193000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Overall survival by baseline and on-treatment systemic immune-inflammation index in patients with advanced cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a large single-centre cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0902-6078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver John","family":"Kennedy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester , Oxford Rd, Manchester, M13 9PL ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Christie NHS Foundation Trust , Wilmslow Rd, Manchester, M20 4BX ,","place":["United 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